Nokea
What is an attack using microorganisms such as bacteria or viral agents with the intent to harm others called?
- A. Assimilation
- B. Defense intervention
- C. Bioterrorism
- D. Environmental remediation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bioterrorism is the act of using harmful agents like bacteria or viruses with the intention to harm others. In the context of healthcare, nurses may be involved in disaster response if bioterrorism weapons affect the community. Choice A, assimilation, refers to the process of absorbing and integrating information or ideas. Choice B, defense intervention, does not specifically relate to the intentional use of microorganisms to harm others. Choice D, environmental remediation, involves the process of cleaning up pollution or contamination in the environment, which is unrelated to the deliberate use of pathogens for harmful purposes.
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What does the medical term 'diaphoresis' mean?
- A. Profuse vomiting
- B. Profuse sweating
- C. Gasping for air
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Profuse sweating. Diaphoresis is a medical term that refers to excessive sweating. It is commonly seen in emergency situations such as heart attacks or diabetic episodes. Choice A, 'Profuse vomiting,' is incorrect as diaphoresis is not related to vomiting. Choice C, 'Gasping for air,' is also incorrect as it refers to difficulty breathing, not sweating. Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as diaphoresis specifically relates to sweating.
What is the purpose of MSDS sheets?
- A. Contain the ordering information for each piece of equipment in the office.
- B. Are required by OSHA to be accessible to all employees of the office.
- C. Can be used to treat patients who have been injured in equipment accidents.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MSDS sheets, also known as Materials Safety Data Sheets, are essential documents that provide detailed information about chemicals used in the workplace. They are required by OSHA to be easily accessible to all employees to ensure they have the necessary information to handle chemicals safely. MSDS sheets do not contain ordering information for equipment in the office (Choice A) or serve as a treatment guide for injured patients (Choice C). Therefore, the correct answer is that MSDS sheets are required by OSHA to be accessible to all employees of the office.
The acronym FAST is used to help responders remember the steps to recognizing which of the following conditions?
- A. Onset of labor in a pregnant woman
- B. Stroke
- C. Heart attack
- D. Migraine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stroke. The acronym FAST is used to help recognize the signs of a stroke. The letters stand for Face, Arms, Speech, and Time. This mnemonic helps in identifying facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulties, and the importance of time in seeking emergency care. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the FAST acronym specifically pertains to stroke recognition, not the onset of labor, heart attacks, or migraines.
Which type of shock is related to low blood volume?
- A. Psychogenic
- B. Cardiogenic
- C. Anaphylactic
- D. Hemorrhagic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemorrhagic shock, also known as hypovolemic shock, is directly related to low blood volume due to significant blood loss. In hemorrhagic shock, the body's circulating blood volume is reduced, leading to inadequate perfusion of tissues and organs. Psychogenic shock is caused by emotional distress, not blood volume changes. Cardiogenic shock results from heart failure, not low blood volume. Anaphylactic shock is due to a severe allergic reaction, not a reduction in blood volume.
When performing CPR, at what rate should chest compressions be applied?
- A. 100 per minute
- B. 60 per minute
- C. As quickly as possible
- D. 200 per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During CPR, chest compressions should be applied at a rate of 100 compressions per minute in order to effectively circulate blood and oxygen to vital organs. Option A, '100 per minute,' is the correct answer as it aligns with the recommended compression rate in CPR guidelines. Option B, '60 per minute,' is incorrect as it is too slow and may not provide adequate circulation. Option C, 'As quickly as possible,' is vague and does not specify the recommended compression rate. Option D, '200 per minute,' is incorrect as it exceeds the recommended rate and may not be as effective in maintaining perfusion.