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A school nurse is providing information for parents of teenagers regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV) and the recommended HPV vaccination. What teaching point would the nurse include?
- A. HPV causes genital warts and cervical and other cancers.
- B. HPV causes a single painless genital lesion and can lead to sterility.
- C. Fifty percent of females between ages 14 and 19 years are infected with HPV.
- D. The HPV vaccination is only recommended for the female population.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HPV causes genital warts and cancers . B, C, and D are incorrect: syphilis causes painless lesions, prevalence is lower, and vaccination is for both genders.
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A patient who developed a pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lung) after using oral contraceptives asks the nurse what she should do if she can no longer use 'the pill.' The nurse suggests which mechanical barrier for birth control?
- A. Diaphragm
- B. Transdermal contraceptive patch
- C. Depo-Provera
- D. Evra patch
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diaphragm is a mechanical barrier method, unlike the hormonal options B, C, and D, which are contraindicated due to the patient's history of pulmonary embolism.
A nurse working in a gynecology practice screens patients for menstrual irregularities. Which patients would a nurse identify are at risk for menstrual cycle irregularities? Select all that apply.
- A. Breastfeeding mother
- B. Adolescent with anorexia
- C. Individual abstaining from sexual intercourse
- D. Patient diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease
- E. Patient obsessed with exercising
- F. Patient with a spinal cord injury
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Risk factors include breastfeeding , anorexia , pelvic inflammatory disease , and excessive exercise . Abstinence and spinal cord injury (F) are not typically causes.
A nurse is teaching patients about contraception methods. Which statement by a patient indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. Depo-Provera is not effective against sexually transmitted infections, but contraceptive protection is immediate if I get the injection on the first day of my period.
- B. The hormonal contraceptive, NuvaRing, protects against pregnancy by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and preventing implantation of the fertilized eggs.
- C. Abstinence is an effective method of contraception and may be used as a periodic or continuous strategy to prevent pregnancy and STIs.
- D. Withdrawal is an effective method of birth control that reduces risk for STIs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Withdrawal is not effective for contraception or STI prevention, indicating a need for teaching. A, B, and C are accurate.
A nurse in a urology practice performs sexual health assessments of male older adults. Which patients would the nurse identify as having an increased risk for erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply.
- A. Patient with a history of diabetes
- B. Patient with a new partner
- C. Patient with Parkinson disease
- D. Patient with alcoholism
- E. Patient taking antihypertensive medication
- F. Patient who is a tobacco smoker
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Risk factors for erectile dysfunction include diabetes , Parkinson disease , alcoholism , and antihypertensives . A new partner may cause performance anxiety, not erectile dysfunction. Tobacco smoking (F) is a risk factor for vascular issues but not directly listed in the provided rationale.
A nurse in a gynecology practice is assessing a patient reporting vaginal discharge that 'smells bad and is green and foamy.' She also reports burning upon urination and dyspareunia. The nurse suggests the patient and partner will need treatment for which STI?
- A. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
- B. Syphilis
- C. Trichomoniasis
- D. Herpes simplex virus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trichomoniasis causes green, foamy, foul-smelling discharge, burning, and dyspareunia. HPV , syphilis , and herpes present differently.