Nokea
A sign specific to red blood cell destruction (hemolytic) anemia is:
- A. Jaundice
- B. Pica
- C. Anorexia
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Jaundice is the correct answer for red blood cell destruction anemia because it results from the breakdown of red blood cells, causing an increase in bilirubin levels. Jaundice presents as yellowing of the skin and eyes. Pica (eating non-food items), anorexia (loss of appetite), and tachycardia (rapid heart rate) are not specific signs of hemolytic anemia. Jaundice is a key indicator due to the excess bilirubin released from the destruction of red blood cells.
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Which is descriptive of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- A. Manifestations of ADHD are typically so bizarre that the diagnosis is easy
- B. Manifestations of ADHD affect all aspects of the child's life but are most obvious in the classroom
- C. Manifestations of ADHD such as learning disabilities eventually disappear by adulthood
- D. Manifestations of ADHD must always be present and are required to receive a positive diagnosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Manifestations of ADHD affect all aspects of the child's life but are most obvious in the classroom. ADHD symptoms impact academic performance, social interactions, and behavior in various settings. Children with ADHD often struggle with impulse control, hyperactivity, and inattention, leading to challenges in the classroom environment. This choice acknowledges the pervasive nature of ADHD symptoms while highlighting the prominent impact on the child's educational experience.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect - Manifestations of ADHD are not necessarily bizarre, and the diagnosis is often complex due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
C: Incorrect - Learning disabilities and ADHD are separate conditions, and ADHD symptoms may persist into adulthood without necessarily disappearing.
D: Incorrect - While consistent manifestations are a key diagnostic criterion, ADHD symptoms can fluctuate in intensity and may still be present without being constant.
Parents of a 4-year-old with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on which statement?
- A. Parents can meet all the needs of their child
- B. Children need to understand the activities of their peers are too strenuous
- C. Constant parental supervision is required to avoid overexertion
- D. Children need opportunities to play with their peers to foster their growth and development
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Children need opportunities to play with their peers to foster their growth and development. The rationale is as follows: Playing with peers is essential for a child's social, emotional, and cognitive development. It helps them learn important skills like cooperation, communication, and problem-solving. Restricting the child's play due to fear of overexertion can have negative consequences on their overall development. It is important for children to engage in age-appropriate play activities under supervision to ensure safety while promoting growth.
Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Parents can meet all the needs of their child - While parents play a crucial role in meeting a child's needs, social interaction with peers is also important for holistic development.
B: Children need to understand the activities of their peers are too strenuous - This places the burden on the child to limit their activities rather than promoting healthy play.
C: Constant parental supervision is required to avoid overexertion
What is the purpose of pediatric hospice?
- A. Provide pain relief so the child doesn't know they are dying
- B. Extend the dying process so the child and family can say goodbye
- C. Hasten the dying process to stop the suffering
- D. Support the highest quality of life possible for whatever time remains
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Support the highest quality of life possible for whatever time remains. Pediatric hospice aims to provide comprehensive care to children with life-limiting illnesses, focusing on enhancing their quality of life through physical, emotional, and spiritual support. This approach prioritizes symptom management, comfort, and dignity for the child, ensuring they live as fully as possible until the end. Other choices are incorrect because A does not acknowledge the child's awareness, B may not align with the child's wishes, and C goes against the ethical principles of hospice care.
When assessing the child with atopic dermatitis, the nurse should ask the parents about a history of:
- A. Asthma
- B. Nephrosis
- C. Otitis media
- D. Neurotoxicity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Asthma. Atopic dermatitis is commonly associated with other allergic conditions, such as asthma. Asking about a history of asthma can help identify potential triggers and comorbidities. Nephrosis, otitis media, and neurotoxicity are not typically associated with atopic dermatitis, making choices B, C, and D incorrect. Always focus on relevant factors to provide effective care.
The nurse is providing education to the parents of an infant with cradle cap. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates their understanding?
- A. We should use hydrogen peroxide as shampoo for my child until it is resolved
- B. We should expect that my child will probably have asthma & allergies too
- C. We should brush the loosened crusts out of the hair after shampooing
- D. We should decrease the frequency that I wash my child's hair to once a week
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "We should brush the loosened crusts out of the hair after shampooing." This statement indicates understanding as brushing the loosened crusts helps to remove the scales and prevent further build-up. Hydrogen peroxide (A) is not recommended for cradle cap as it can irritate the skin. Asthma and allergies (B) are not directly related to cradle cap. Decreasing hair wash frequency to once a week (D) can worsen cradle cap by allowing build-up of oils and dead skin cells.