Nokea
A stroke victim regains consciousness three days after admission. She has right-sided hemiparesis and hemiplegia and also has expressive aphasia. She becomes upset when she is unable to say simple words. The best approach for the nurse is to do which of the following?
- A. Stay with her and give her time and encouragement in attempting to speak.
- B. Say, 'I'm sure you want a glass of water. I'll get it for you.'
- C. Say, 'Don't get upset. You rest now and I'll come back later and try to talk to you then.'
- D. Encourage her attempts and say, 'Don't worry, it will get easier every day.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Staying with the client and offering encouragement supports her attempts to speak, fostering communication and emotional support.
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A teenager is admitted following a seizure. The next day, the nurse goes into his room and finds him lying on the floor starting to have a seizure. What action should the nurse take at this time?
- A. Carefully observe the seizure and gently restrain him
- B. Attempt to put an airway in his mouth so he does not swallow his tongue, and observe the type and duration of the seizure
- C. Place something soft under his head, carefully observe the seizure, and protect him from injury
- D. Shout for help so that someone can help you move him away from the furniture
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing something soft under the head and observing the seizure while protecting from injury ensures safety. Restraining or inserting an airway is not recommended, and the scenario does not indicate furniture-related danger.
The nurse is teaching the client with open-angle glaucoma. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Limit oral fluid intake to 1000 mL daily.
- B. Eat foods that are high in omega-3 fatty acids.
- C. Have annual eye exams with an eye specialist.
- D. Use timolol maleate eye drops when feeling eye pressure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glaucoma is a chronic progressive disease; annual eye examinations should be completed by an eye specialist physician. Fluid restriction and omega-3 fatty acids do not affect intraocular pressure. Elevated intraocular pressure cannot be felt, and timolol maleate should be used as prescribed.
The nurse is administering eyedrops to the client. Which guidelines should the nurse adhere to when instilling the drops into the eye? Select all that apply.
- A. Do not touch the tip of the medication container to the eye.
- B. Apply gentle pressure on the outer canthus of the eye.
- C. Apply sterile gloves prior to instilling eyedrops.
- D. Hold the lower lid down and instill drops into the conjunctiva.
- E. Gently pat the skin to absorb excess eyedrops on the cheek.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Avoiding container contact prevents contamination, instilling into the conjunctiva ensures absorption, and patting excess drops maintains hygiene. Pressure on the outer canthus is incorrect (nasolacrimal duct pressure prevents systemic absorption), and sterile gloves are unnecessary.
A 10-year-old boy comes to the school clinic holding his broken pair of glasses. He says that he got hit in the face playing ball and his eye hurts and feels like there's something in it. What should the nurse do before taking him to the emergency room?
- A. Thoroughly examine his eyes
- B. Put a pressure dressing on his right eye.
- C. Cover both eyes lightly with gauze
- D. Flush his right eye with water for 20 minutes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Covering both eyes lightly with gauze prevents tracking and further injury, suitable for a suspected foreign body until emergency evaluation.
A 27-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital complaining of numbness in both legs, difficulty walking, and double vision of one week in duration. Multiple sclerosis is suspected. Orders include bed rest with bathroom privileges, brain scan, EEG, lumbar puncture, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 40 units intramuscularly (IM) bid x 3 days, then 30 units IM bid x 3 days, then 20 units IM bid x 3 days; and passive range of motion (ROM) progressing to active ROM as tolerated. In planning care for this client, which activity is most important to include?
- A. Encouraging her to perform all care activities for herself
- B. Frequent ambulation to retain joint mobility
- C. Scheduling frequent rest periods between physical activity
- D. Feeding the client to reduce energy needs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent rest periods are essential to manage fatigue, a common symptom in multiple sclerosis, while supporting activity as tolerated.