Nokea
A student nurse has been assigned to provide basic care for a 58-year-old man with a diagnosis of AIDS-related pneumonia. The student tells the instructor that she is unwilling to care for this patient. What key component of critical thinking is most likely missing from this students practice?
- A. Compliance with direction
- B. Respect for authority
- C. Analyzing information and situations
- D. Withholding judgment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Key components of critical thinking behavior are withholding judgment and being open to options and explanations from one patient to another in similar circumstances. The other listed options are incorrect because they are not components of critical thinking.
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The nurse has just taken report on a newly admitted patient who is a 15 year-old girl who is a recent immigrant to the United States. When planning interventions for this patient, the nurse knows the interventions must be which of the following?
- A. Appropriate to the nurses preferences
- B. Appropriate to the patients age
- C. Ethical
- D. Appropriate to the patients culture
- E. Applicable to others with the same diagnosis
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Planned interventions should be ethical and appropriate to the patients culture, age, and gender. Planned interventions do not have to be in alignment with the nurses preferences nor do they have to be shared by everyone with the same diagnosis.
A patient admitted with right leg thrombophlebitis is to be discharged from an acute-care facility. Following treatment with a heparin infusion, the nurse notes that the patients leg is pain-free, without redness or edema. Which step of the nursing process does this reflect?
- A. Diagnosis
- B. Analysis
- C. Implementation
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nursing actions described constitute evaluation of the expected outcomes. The findings show that the expected outcomes have been achieved. Analysis consists of considering assessment information to derive the appropriate nursing diagnosis. Implementation is the phase of the nursing process where the nurse puts the care plan into action. This nurses actions do not constitute diagnosis.
A nurse provides care on an orthopedic reconstruction unit and is admitting two new patients, both status post knee replacement. What would be the best explanation why their care plans may be different from each other?
- A. Patients may have different insurers, or one may qualify for Medicare.
- B. Individual patients are seen as unique and dynamic, with individual needs.
- C. Nursing care may be coordinated by members of two different health disciplines.
- D. Patients are viewed as dissimilar according to their attitude toward surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regardless of the setting, each patient situation is viewed as unique and dynamic. Differences in insurance coverage and attitude may be relevant, but these should not fundamentally explain the differences in their nursing care. Nursing care should be planned by nurses, not by members of other disciplines.
You have just taken report for your shift and you are doing your initial assessment of your patients. One of your patients asks you if an error has been made in her medication. You know that an incident report was filed yesterday after a nurse inadvertently missed a scheduled dose of the patients antibiotic. Which of the following principles would apply if you give an accurate response?
- A. Veracity
- B. Confidentiality
- C. Respect
- D. Justice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The obligation to tell the truth and not deceive others is termed veracity. The other answers are incorrect because they are not obligations to tell the truth.
A medical nurse has obtained a new patients health history and completed the admission assessment. The nurse has followed this by documenting the results and creating a care plan for the patient. Which of the following is most important rationale for documenting the patients care?
- A. It provides continuity of care.
- B. It creates a teaching log for the family.
- C. It verifies appropriate staffing levels.
- D. It keeps the patient fully informed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This record provides a means of communication among members of the health care team and facilitates coordinated planning and continuity of care. It serves as the legal and business record for a health care agency and for the professional staff members who are responsible for the patients care. Documentation is not primarily a teaching log; it does not verify staffing; and it is not intended to provide the patient with information about treatments.