A student takes an adult patients pulse and counts 20 beats/min. Knowing this is not the normal range for an adult pulse, what should the student do next?
- A. Record the pulse rate on the appropriate vital signs sheet in the chart.
- B. Ask the instructor or a staff nurse to take the pulse.
- C. Discuss this finding during postconference with other students.
- D. Wait 4 hours and take the patients pulse again.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An abnormal finding like a pulse of 20 beats/min requires immediate verification by a qualified professional.
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Who or what is the primary source of information for a nursing history?
- A. previous medical records
- B. other healthcare personnel
- C. the patient
- D. family members
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient is the primary source for a nursing history, providing firsthand information about their health.
Which of the following are characteristics of intimate distance or zone in communication? Select all that apply.
- A. 0 to 18 inches
- B. 18 inches to 4 feet
- C. 4 to 12 feet
- D. involves comforting touch
- E. involves visual distortion
- F. includes professional distance
- G. includes social distance
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Intimate distance (0-18 inches) involves close contact, comforting touch, and potential visual distortion due to proximity.
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis?
- A. The nursing diagnosis confirms the medical diagnosis.
- B. The nursing diagnosis duplicates the medical diagnosis.
- C. There is no relationship between nursing and medical diagnoses.
- D. The nursing diagnosis is based on patient response to the medical diagnosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nursing diagnoses address the patient's response to the medical condition, distinct from the medical diagnosis itself.
Which of the following group of terms best defines assessing in the nursing process?
- A. problem focused, time lapsed, emergency based
- B. design a plan of care, implement nursing interventions
- C. collection, validation, communication of patient data
- D. nurse focused, establishing nursing goals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing in the nursing process involves gathering, verifying, and sharing patient information to inform care decisions.
A nurse is preparing to conduct a health history for a patient who is confined to bed. How should the nurse position herself?
- A. standing at the end of the bed
- B. standing at the side of the bed
- C. sitting at least 6 feet from the beside
- D. sitting at a 45-degree angle to the bed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sitting at a 45-degree angle facilitates eye contact and communication with a bedridden patient.
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