Nokea
A teaching plan developed by the nurse for the patient with a new ileal conduit includes instructions to do what?
- A. Clean the skin around the stoma with alcohol every day.
- B. Use a wick to keep the skin dry during appliance changes.
- C. Use sterile supplies and technique during care of the stoma.
- D. Change the appliance every day and wash it with soap and warm water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because using sterile supplies and technique during care of the stoma is crucial to prevent infection and promote healing. Cleanliness is essential in stoma care to avoid complications. Using a wick or changing the appliance every day may not be the most important aspect of caring for a new ileal conduit.
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What information should be taught to a patient taking oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan) for incontinence?
- A. Drink fluids or use hard candy when you experience a dry mouth.
- B. Be sure to notify your physician if you experience a heart rate of less than 60 per minute.
- C. Take the medication on an empty stomach for better absorption.
- D. Avoid all citrus fruits and juices while on this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important to monitor heart rate, as oxybutynin can cause cardiac side effects.
Which important functions of regulation of water balance and acid-base balance occur in the distal convoluted tubes of the nephron?
- A. Secretion of H+ into filtrate
- B. Reabsorption of water without ADH
- C. Reabsorption of Na+ in exchange for K+
- D. Reabsorption of glucose and amino acids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The distal convoluted tubules play a role in secreting H+ into the filtrate and reabsorption of water under ADH influence for regulation of water and acid-base balance.
Water intoxication may result from absorption of excessive bladder irrigation solution after surgery. Which of the following symptoms might indicate water intoxication is developing?
- A. Confusion and restlessness
- B. Increased serum sodium concentration
- C. Cool, clammy skin
- D. Marked peripheral edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Confusion and restlessness are common symptoms of water intoxication. Monitoring for these signs is crucial in detecting and managing water intoxication promptly to prevent further complications.
A year after the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, Mrs. T. is admitted to the hospital in January in myxedema coma. Which of the following most probably accounts for this medical emergency?
- A. Hypothermia
- B. Failure to take thyroid medication
- C. Overdose of thyroid medication
- D. Failure to follow prescribed diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myxedema coma is a severe form of hypothyroidism that can occur due to the failure to take thyroid medication.
Which characteristic is more likely with acute pyelonephritis than with a lower UTI?
- A. Fever
- B. Dysuria
- C. Urgency
- D. Frequency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because fever is more commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis, which is an infection of the renal parenchyma, compared to lower UTIs that primarily affect the bladder and urethra. Dysuria, urgency, and frequency can occur in both types of UTIs but may be more severe in acute pyelonephritis.