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A teen is grieving the loss of her pet dog. She states to her mother, “I miss my dog so much, but I know that if I start crying, I will never stop.” The teen is expressing a fear of:
- A. Appearing emotionally immature
- B. Embarrassing herself by crying in public
- C. Losing the support of her friends and family.
- D. Losing control over her emotions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Losing control over her emotions. The teen's statement indicates a fear of losing control if she starts crying. This fear suggests that she believes crying will lead to an inability to stop, indicating a concern about managing her emotions. This fear of losing control over her emotions aligns with the teen's hesitance to express her grief through tears.
A: Appearing emotionally immature - This choice is incorrect as the teen's statement does not directly suggest a fear of appearing emotionally immature.
B: Embarrassing herself by crying in public - This choice is incorrect as the teen's statement does not mention a fear of embarrassment.
C: Losing the support of her friends and family - This choice is incorrect as the teen's statement does not indicate a fear of losing support from others.
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Which person has the greatest potential for developing dysfunctional grief?
- A. A teen who has always been one of the popular kids
- B. A widow who regularly states, I really loved my deceased wife
- C. A woman whose husband died as a result of a sudden, traumatic injury
- D. An adult who has dealt with the loss of several family members over the years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because sudden, traumatic deaths can lead to complicated grief reactions. This type of loss can disrupt the individual's ability to process and accept the death, resulting in prolonged and intense emotional distress. The other choices, A, B, and D, do not inherently indicate a higher potential for dysfunctional grief as they do not involve the same level of suddenness or trauma. Teen popularity, expressing love for a deceased spouse, and experiencing multiple losses over time are common situations that may not necessarily lead to dysfunctional grief if appropriate support and coping mechanisms are in place.
A novice nurse who will be assessing a patient after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) asks her mentor, “What sort of memory impairment is present after several ECT treatments?” The best response for the mentor would be:
- A. “It’s hard to say. Treatment affects everyone differently.”
- B. “Usually the patient has severe difficulty remembering remote events.”
- C. “Patients have mild difficulty remembering recent events, like what waseaten for breakfast.”
- D. “Both recent and remote memory is affected, producing profound confused, cognitive
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately reflects the typical memory impairment after ECT treatments. ECT affects both recent and remote memory, leading to profound confusion and cognitive difficulties. This is due to the disruption of neural pathways involved in memory consolidation and retrieval.
Choice A is incorrect as ECT does have predictable effects on memory. Choice B is incorrect because patients typically have more difficulty with recent memory than remote memory. Choice C is also incorrect as patients usually experience more than just mild difficulty remembering recent events; the memory impairment is more severe than just forgetting what was eaten for breakfast.
The nurse determines that the most effective point of intervention for bereavement is:
- A. Promotion of mental and spiritual health across the life span
- B. At the time a newly discovered loss is impending
- C. Immediately after the loss has occurred
- D. When requested by the patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because promoting mental and spiritual health across the lifespan addresses bereavement proactively by providing support and resources before, during, and after losses occur. This approach allows individuals to build resilience and cope effectively with grief. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on impending loss, missing the opportunity for early intervention. Choice C is incorrect as immediate intervention may not be suitable for everyone and may overlook the importance of ongoing support. Choice D is incorrect as waiting for the patient to request intervention may delay support and hinder the healing process.
The parents of an 8-year-old are attempting to help their child comprehend new information. Which intervention suggested by the nurse shows an understanding of the cognitive development theory for this age group?
- A. The use of drawing and illustrations
- B. Comparing the child’s experiences to the new material
- C. Encouraging the child to talk about this new information
- D. Asking the child to give a reason for how they feel about new information
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Comparing the child’s experiences to the new material. At the age of 8, children are in the concrete operational stage according to Piaget's cognitive development theory. This stage is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events and understand the concept of conservation. By comparing the child's experiences to the new material, the parents are helping the child make connections between what they already know and the new information, which facilitates understanding. Drawing and illustrations (choice A) are helpful for visual learners but may not necessarily tap into the child's cognitive development stage. Encouraging the child to talk about new information (choice C) is beneficial for communication skills but may not directly address cognitive development. Asking the child to give a reason for how they feel about new information (choice D) focuses more on emotions rather than cognitive understanding.
A woman whose abusive husband was killed in an automobile accident 3 years earlier continues to idealize him and repeatedly talks about their “wonderful relationship.” Which outcome is most appropriate for the patient? Patient will:
- A. Enlist the emotional support of both family and friends.
- B. Keep a daily journal recording memories of time spent with her husband.
- C. Express both positive and negative feelings about her husband and their life together.
- D. Read information on the affects of physical abuse and the support groups available to her.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
Choice C is correct because it encourages the patient to express both positive and negative feelings about her husband and their relationship. This approach helps the patient process complex emotions and move towards a more realistic view of the past. It promotes emotional healing and growth by allowing the patient to acknowledge and work through conflicting feelings.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: While emotional support is important, simply enlisting the support of family and friends may not address the underlying issues of idealization and unresolved emotions.
B: Keeping a daily journal may reinforce the idealization of the husband and could potentially hinder the patient's progress in coming to terms with the reality of the relationship.
D: Reading about abuse and support groups may provide information, but it does not directly address the patient's need to explore and express her own feelings about her husband and their relationship.