Nokea
A traditional plant used to lower uric acid is used by Rosario, a 55-year-old client with rheumatism. This herbal plant called "ulasimang bato" is commonly known as:
- A. Lagundi
- B. Pancit pacitan
- C. Bayabas
- D. Sambong
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Pancit pacitan (Peperomia pellucida), which is known for its uric acid-lowering properties. Ulasimang bato is the local name for this traditional plant. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Lagundi (Choice A) is commonly used for its antitussive and anti-asthmatic properties. Bayabas (Choice C) refers to guava, which is known for its high vitamin C content and other health benefits. Sambong (Choice D) is used for its diuretic properties and is often utilized for kidney health.
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The nurse working in a community health clinic that serves recent Somali immigrants notes that most mothers refuse to give permission for routine immunizations of their preschoolers. Which individual is likely to have the most influence on these women's perceptions about their children's healthcare needs?
- A. husbands
- B. clinic healthcare providers
- C. older females
- D. tribal chief
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In many Somali communities, the tribal chief holds significant influence over health decisions. The tribal chief often plays a crucial role in shaping community beliefs and practices, including healthcare decisions. While husbands may have some influence, the tribal chief typically holds more authority in community matters. Clinic healthcare providers have a role in educating and advising, but the tribal chief's influence is often more profound in this cultural context. Older females may have some influence, especially in familial matters, but the tribal chief is usually the key decision-maker in community health issues.
A client with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain. The nurse should implement which of the following interventions?
- A. Encourage oral intake
- B. Administer opioid analgesics
- C. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen
- D. Place the client in a supine position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with acute pancreatitis experiencing severe abdominal pain is to administer opioid analgesics. Opioids are effective in managing the severe pain associated with acute pancreatitis. Encouraging oral intake may exacerbate the symptoms and is contraindicated due to the need for bowel rest. Applying a heating pad to the abdomen can worsen inflammation and should be avoided. Placing the client in a supine position may not provide relief and could potentially lead to increased discomfort.
The nurse is working in a community health clinic that serves a diverse population. Which of the following actions best demonstrates cultural competence?
- A. Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population
- B. Providing translation services for non-English speaking clients
- C. Treating all clients the same regardless of their background
- D. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population is the best way to demonstrate cultural competence. This action shows respect for the diverse backgrounds of the clients and helps in providing care that is sensitive to their cultural beliefs and practices. Providing translation services (Choice B) is important for effective communication but may not address the deeper aspects of cultural competence. Treating all clients the same (Choice C) may overlook the unique needs that arise from cultural differences. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices (Choice D) may not be appropriate or respectful of their cultural traditions and preferences.
Which of the following is an example of a positive outcome for one of the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020?
- A. A community has adopted a no smoking policy.
- B. A rural community has a public transportation system.
- C. The high school dropout rate has decreased by 15%.
- D. A county has decreased its divorce rate by 10%.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A community adopting a no smoking policy is a positive outcome for the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020 as it promotes a healthier environment by reducing exposure to secondhand smoke and decreasing smoking-related illnesses. Choices B, C, and D do not directly align with the goals of the Leading Health Indicators. While public transportation and reduced dropout rates are beneficial for community well-being, they are not specific examples of Leading Health Indicators. Decreasing divorce rates, while potentially beneficial for family stability, is not a focus area of the Leading Health Indicators.
The nurse is preparing an orientation class for new employees at an inner city clinic that serves a low-income population. Which information should the nurse include in the presentation to these new employees?
- A. A lack of transportation is a major barrier for the clinic's clients.
- B. Basic physiologic needs are likely to be unmet in this clinic's client population.
- C. Printed material is less effective for this population with limited reading skills.
- D. Group education classes are often poorly attended by non-compliant clients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because addressing basic physiologic needs is crucial for low-income populations. Ensuring that basic needs such as food, shelter, and safety are met is essential for these clients to engage effectively in their healthcare. Choice A talks about transportation, which can be a barrier but may not be the major impediment. Choice C focuses on printed material and reading skills, which are important but not as fundamental as addressing basic physiologic needs. Choice D makes assumptions about client attendance based on compliance, which is not the most critical information to include in an orientation about serving a low-income population.