Nokea
A victim of physical abuse by her domestic partner is being treated for a broken humerus. Which indicator for the outcome of Abuse protection is most important to achieve before the patient leaves the emergency department?
- A. The patient has completed and reviewed a workable safety plan.
- B. She agrees to seek a restraining order limiting contact by the perpetrator.
- C. The patient demonstrates insight into the abusive nature of the relationship.
- D. She has been referred to counseling and battered-person support groups.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a safety plan is crucial for the victim's immediate safety and future protection. It helps the victim know what to do in case of danger, ensuring a proactive approach to safety. Choice B may not always be feasible or effective in preventing further abuse. Choice C, while important, does not guarantee safety outside the emergency department. Choice D is beneficial but does not address the immediate safety concerns as effectively as having a safety plan in place. Thus, completing and reviewing a workable safety plan is the most important indicator for the outcome of abuse protection in this scenario.
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Which finding is most indicative of refeeding syndrome in a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Increased energy and mental clarity after eating.
- B. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia.
- C. A sudden increase in appetite and food cravings.
- D. Rapid weight gain and hypertension.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because refeeding syndrome is characterized by electrolyte imbalances, especially hypophosphatemia, due to rapid reintroduction of nutrition. This can lead to serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias and respiratory failure. Increased energy and mental clarity (A) are not specific to refeeding syndrome. A sudden increase in appetite and food cravings (C) may occur but are not indicative of refeeding syndrome. Rapid weight gain and hypertension (D) are not typically seen in refeeding syndrome.
Asking the husband to leave is likely to increase the client's anxiety and alter test results. Testing in the more familiar, comfortable surroundings of the home will yield more reliable results.
- A. Asking the husband to leave is likely to increase the client's anxiety and alter test results because the presence of a loved one can provide comfort and support during a potentially stressful situation.
- B. Testing in the more familiar, comfortable surroundings of the home will yield more reliable results because the client is in a setting where they feel safe and secure, which can help reduce anxiety and promote accurate test outcomes.
- C. Both A and B.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because both statements A and B provide valid reasons supported by psychological principles. Statement A is correct as the presence of a loved one can indeed provide comfort and support, reducing anxiety and potentially improving test outcomes. Statement B is also accurate as testing in familiar surroundings can help the client feel safe and secure, leading to more reliable results. Therefore, combining these two factors - the presence of a loved one and testing in a comfortable environment - would likely yield the most reliable results by addressing both emotional and environmental factors impacting the client's anxiety levels during the test.
Why did the risk of acquiring disease decrease for people living in cities since the 1850's?
- A. The 'sanitation revolution' improved the water supplies
- B. Urban residents received more regular vaccinations
- C. Antibiotics were more readily used
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sanitation revolution, along with vaccinations and antibiotics, collectively reduced disease risk in cities since the 1850s.
Which stage of Piaget's theory marks the onset of logical thinking?
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete Operational
- D. Formal Operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Concrete Operational stage (C), around age 7-11, marks the onset of logical thinking about concrete events, per Piaget's theory. Earlier stages (A, B) lack this, and Formal Operational (D) involves abstract logic later.
What environmental conditions should the nurse arrange for a patient with delirium and altered perceptions of their environment?
- A. Provide a quiet, well-lit room without glare or shadows.
- B. Have the patient sit by the nurse's desk while awake.
- C. Reduce room lighting to minimize overstimulation.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a quiet, well-lit room without glare or shadows helps reduce environmental stimuli that can exacerbate delirium and altered perceptions. This environment promotes calmness and clarity for the patient. Choice B is incorrect as it may increase distractions and stimuli. Choice C may lead to inadequate lighting that can worsen confusion. Choice D is incorrect as environmental modifications are crucial for managing delirium.