Nokea
A violation of a patient's confidentiality occurs if two nurses are discussing client information in which of the following scenarios?
- A. With a physical therapist treating the patient
- B. With a social worker planning for discharge
- C. With another nurse on duty to plan for break time
- D. In the hallway outside the patient's room.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hallway discussions should not occur, because you do not know who is listening, even though it may be a professional discussion.
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The highest incident of child abuse occurs in children in which age group?
- A. birth-3 years old
- B. 4-6 years old
- C. 6-10 years old
- D. more than 10 years old
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children between birth and 3 years of age have the highest rates of victimization (at 16 per 1,000 children). Girls are slightly more likely to be victims than boys.
A client is having psychological counseling for problems communicating with his mother. Which model of stress is the most useful in reference to this stressor?
- A. Adaptation Model
- B. Stimulus-Based Model
- C. Transaction-Based Model
- D. Selye's Model of Stress
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Transaction-Based Model is, according to R.S. Lazarus, a state that Stimulus theory and Response theory do not consider individual differences. He takes into account cognitive processes that intervene between the encounter and the reaction and the factors that affect the nature of this process. He includes mental and psychological components or responses as part of his concept of stress (Person-Environment Transactions).
A man reports his wife is constantly cleaning. The activity has interfered with the family life. Friends have stopped visiting because she makes them uncomfortable. He states he has awakened in the middle of the night and found her cleaning. The nurse should consult with the couple and recommend the husband help with therapy by:
- A. telling his wife to stop cleaning whenever he notices her actions
- B. making a baseline record of the time the wife spends cleaning
- C. decreasing the stimuli in the home
- D. helping his wife with the cleaning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reducing environmental stimuli can decrease anxiety driving obsessive-compulsive cleaning, supporting therapy without confronting or enabling the behavior.
A client recently lost a child due to poisoning. The client tells the nurse, 'I don't want to make any new friends right now.' This is an example of which of the following indicators of stress?
- A. emotional behavioral indicator
- B. spiritual indicator
- C. sociocultural indicator
- D. intellectual indicator
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's withdrawal from forming new relationships reflects a sociocultural indicator of stress, as it affects social interactions. Emotional behavioral indicators involve mood changes, spiritual indicators relate to existential concerns, and intellectual indicators involve cognitive difficulties.
When helping a client gain insight into anxiety, the nurse should:
- A. help relate anxiety to specific behaviors.
- B. ask the client to describe events that precede increased anxiety.
- C. instruct the client to practice relaxation techniques.
- D. confront the client's resistive behavior.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To gain insight, the client needs to recognize causal events. The other activities focus on recognition of anxiety.