Nokea
A woman calls the clinic and tells the nurse she has had bloody drainage from her right nipple. The nurse makes an appointment for this patient, expecting the physician or practitioner to order what diagnostic test on this patient?
- A. Breast ultrasound
- B. Radiography
- C. Positron emission testing (PET)
- D. Galactography
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Galactography, involving contrast injection into the ductal system followed by mammography, is used to evaluate bloody nipple discharge for ductal abnormalities. Ultrasound, radiography, and PET are not specific for this indication.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient has been referred to the breast clinic after her most recent mammogram revealed the presence of a lump. The lump is found to be a small, well-defined nodule in the right breast. The oncology nurse should recognize the likelihood of what treatment?
- A. Lumpectomy and radiation
- B. Partial mastectomy and radiation
- C. Partial mastectomy and chemotherapy
- D. Total mastectomy and chemotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A small, well-defined nodule suggests early-stage breast cancer, for which lumpectomy followed by radiation is a common treatment to preserve the breast while effectively treating the cancer. Mastectomy or chemotherapy may be considered for more advanced or aggressive disease, which is not indicated here.
A nurse is teaching a group of women about the potential benefits of breast self-examination (BSE). The nurse should teach the patients that effective BSE is dependent on what factor?
- A. Womens knowledge of how their breasts normally look and feel
- B. The rapport that exists between the woman and her primary care provider
- C. Synchronizing womens routines around BSE with the performance of mammograms
- D. Womens knowledge of the pathophysiology of breast cancer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effective BSE relies on the patient's familiarity with her breasts' normal appearance and feel, enabling detection of changes. Rapport with providers, mammogram synchronization, or pathophysiology knowledge are not essential for BSE efficacy.
For which of the following population groups would an annual clinical breast examination be recommended?
- A. Women over age 21
- B. Women over age 25
- C. Women over age 40
- D. All post-pubescent females with a family history of breast cancer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Annual clinical breast examinations are recommended for women aged 40 and older as part of routine breast cancer screening. Younger women may require less frequent exams unless at high risk, such as those with a family history.
A nurse has assessed that a patient is not yet willing to view her mastectomy site. How should the nurse best assist the patient in developing a positive body image?
- A. Ask the woman to describe the current appearance of her breast.
- B. Help the patient to understand that many women have gone through the same unpleasant experience.
- C. Explain to the patient that her body image does not have to depend on her physical appearance.
- D. Provide the patient with encouragement in an empathic and thoughtful manner.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Empathic encouragement supports the patient's gradual acceptance of her changed appearance without pressure. Asking her to describe the site may increase distress, downplaying the experience is dismissive, and negating physical appearance may not resonate.
A 42 year-old patient tells the nurse that she has found a painless lump in her right breast during her monthly self-examination. She says that she is afraid that she has cancer. Which assessment finding would most strongly suggest that this patients lump is cancerous?
- A. Eversion of the right nipple and mobile mass
- B. A nonmobile mass with irregular edges
- C. A mobile mass that is soft and easily delineated
- D. Nonpalpable right axillary lymph nodes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breast cancer typically presents as a hard, nonmobile mass with irregular edges, as these characteristics suggest malignancy. A soft, mobile mass is more likely benign, like a cyst. Eversion of the nipple is not typical, and nonpalpable lymph nodes do not rule out cancer.