Nokea
A woman gave birth to an infant+2:230 boy 10 hours ago. Where does the nurse expect to locate this woman's fundus?
- A. 1 centimeter above the umbilicus
- B. 2 centimeters below the umbilicus
- C. Midway between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis
- D. Nonpalpable abdominally
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fundus descends approximately 1 to 2 cm every 24 hours. Within 12 hours after delivery, the fundus may be approximately 1 cm above the umbilicus.
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The nurse is providing care to a patient who was just admitted to the labor and birth unit in active labor at term. The patient informed the nurse, “I have not received any prenatal care because I cannot afford to go to the doctor. And, this is my third baby, so I know what to expect.” What is the nurse’s primary concern when developing the patient’s plan of care?
- A. Low birth weight
- B. Oligohydramnios
- C. Gestational diabetes
- D. Gestational hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse's primary concern when developing the plan of care for a patient who has not received prenatal care and is now in active labor is the risk of low birth weight for the baby. Prenatal care plays a crucial role in monitoring the health of the pregnant woman and her baby, ensuring appropriate growth and development, and identifying any potential issues early on. Without prenatal care, important factors such as maternal nutritional status, appropriate weight gain, screening for conditions that can affect the baby's growth, and management of any complications during pregnancy may not have been addressed. As a result, the baby is at increased risk for being born with a low birth weight, which can lead to various health problems and complications both immediately after birth and in the long term. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize monitoring and addressing the risk of low birth weight in this situation.
Which statement describes a key finding of the Human Genome Project?
- A. Humans produce one protein per gene.
- B. All human beings are 99.9% identical at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) level.
- C. The Human Genome Project has not yet been able to translate the accumulating raw research into anything medically practical.
- D. Humans have more genes than other species.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The majority of the 0.1% genetic variations are found within and not among populations. Most human genes produce at least three proteins. The project's research has been very valuable in the identification of genes involved in disease and in the development of genetic testing. There are 20,500 genes in the human genome; scientists originally estimated more than 50,000 genes. Human genes are more efficient than the genes in other species, thereby increasing the human genetic complexity.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxytocin to augment labor. The client has an intrauterine pressure catheter and an internal fetal scalp electrode for monitoring. Which of the following is an indication that the nurse should discontinue the infusion?
- A. Contraction frequency every 3 min
- B. Contraction duration of 100 seconds
- C. Fetal heart rate with moderate variability
- D. Fetal heart rate of 118/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contractions lasting longer than 90 seconds (tachysystole) can lead to fetal distress by reducing uteroplacental blood flow. Oxytocin should be discontinued if contractions become excessive. Moderate variability and normal fetal heart rate do not indicate distress.
What fatty acids (classified as hormones) are found in many body tissues with complex roles in many reproductive functions?
- A. GnRH
- B. Prostaglandins (PGs)
- C. FSH
- D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandins (PGs) affect smooth muscle contraction and changes in the cervix.
A nurse is caring for a patient who states she is experiencing a thin vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor. What test does the nurse prepare?
- A. whiff test
- B. vaginal culture
- C. urine culture
- D. blood test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A nurse caring for a patient who presents with a thin vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor should prepare for performing a whiff test. The whiff test, also known as the amine or sniff test, is used to aid in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is a common vaginal infection characterized by an overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina and can cause symptoms like thin, grayish-white discharge with a strong fishy odor.