Microbiology Chapter 11 Test Bank

Microbiology Chapter 11 Test Bank Related

Review Microbiology Chapter 11 Test Bank related questions and content

A woman hospitalized in the surgical department complains of pain in her lower abdomen and in the small of her back, frequent and painful urination. Urine culture test revealed gram-negative oxidase- positive bacilli that formed green mucoid colonies with specific smell. What causative agent can be suspected?

  • A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • B. Mycoplasma pneumonia
  • C. Str.pyogenes
  • D. Proteus mirabilis Helicobacter
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Proteus mirabilis. The patient's symptoms of lower abdominal pain, back pain, frequent/painful urination, and the presence of gram-negative oxidase-positive bacilli forming green mucoid colonies with a specific smell suggest a urinary tract infection caused by Proteus mirabilis. This bacterium is known for causing UTIs and is characterized by its swarming motility and distinctive odor.

A: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is commonly associated with hospital-acquired infections but does not typically cause UTIs with the specific characteristics described.
B: Mycoplasma pneumonia is a bacterium that causes respiratory infections, not UTIs.
C: Str.pyogenes (Streptococcus pyogenes) is a common cause of strep throat and skin infections, not UTIs.
D: Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers, not UTIs.

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A wound infection culture revealed Gram-positive cocci in clusters. The bacteria were catalase-positive and coagulase-positive. What is the most likely causative agent?

  • A. Staphylococcus aureus
  • B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
  • C. Streptococcus pyogenes
  • D. Enterococcus faecalis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium is characterized by Gram-positive cocci in clusters, catalase-positive, and coagulase-positive. Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen causing wound infections due to its ability to produce toxins and enzymes. Staphylococcus epidermidis (B) is catalase-positive but coagulase-negative, making it less likely to cause infections. Streptococcus pyogenes (C) is catalase-negative and typically causes streptococcal infections, not wound infections. Enterococcus faecalis (D) is catalase-negative and typically associated with urinary tract infections. Thus, Staphylococcus aureus is the most likely causative agent based on the given characteristics.

Decontamination is defined as the

  • A. killing of all microorganisms in a given area.
  • B. reduction or removal of unwanted chemical or biological agents.
  • C. stopping of the growth of microorganisms in a given area.
  • D. removal of all vegetative organisms.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Decontamination is the reduction or removal of unwanted chemical or biological agents to make an area safe. This includes cleaning, disinfecting, or sterilizing to eliminate harmful substances. Choice A is incorrect as decontamination doesn't necessarily involve killing all microorganisms. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on stopping growth, not removing existing contaminants. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically mentions vegetative organisms, which may not cover all types of contaminants that need to be removed during decontamination. Thus, the correct answer is B as it accurately describes the process of decontamination.

Dwellers of a village noticed mass mortality of rats in some farms. It was suspected that the animals might have died from plague. What postmortal analyses should be conduced in order to establish the causative agent of the infection as soon as possible?

  • A. Ring precipitation reaction
  • B. Agglutination reaction
  • C. Passive agglutination reaction
  • D. Neutralization reaction
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agglutination reaction. This test is commonly used to detect specific antibodies or antigens. In this case, it can be used to detect plague antigens in the rat tissues or antibodies in the villagers. This test is rapid, sensitive, and can help establish the presence of the causative agent quickly.

A: Ring precipitation reaction is not typically used for diagnosing plague and is more commonly used in other types of infections.

C: Passive agglutination reaction is not specific for plague and is more commonly used for detecting specific antibodies in diseases like syphilis.

D: Neutralization reaction is not typically used for diagnosing plague and is more commonly used to determine the presence of neutralizing antibodies in viral infections.

Which staining method is used for proving the formation of spores

  • A. Klett and Gins
  • B. Ziehl-Neelsen
  • C. Gram and Loeffler's
  • D. Moeller
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Moeller. Moeller staining method is specifically designed to detect spores due to its ability to differentiate between the spore and the vegetative cell. It involves applying multiple stains such as malachite green, safranin, and heat to visualize the endospore structure. This method is essential for proving the formation of spores as it highlights the resistant spore structures within the bacterial cell.

A: Klett and Gins is not used for spore staining.
B: Ziehl-Neelsen is used for acid-fast staining, not spore staining.
C: Gram and Loeffler's are used for gram staining, not spore staining.

A man is ill with a protozoan disease characterized by cerebral affection and loss of sight. Blood analysis revealed halfmoon-shaped unicellular organisms with pointed ends. This disease is caused by:

  • A. Toxoplasma B.Leishmania C.Lamblia D.Amoeba E.Trichomonad
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Toxoplasma. Toxoplasma gondii causes Toxoplasmosis, a protozoan disease that can affect the brain and lead to vision loss. The halfmoon-shaped unicellular organisms with pointed ends described in the blood analysis are characteristic of Toxoplasma parasites. Toxoplasma infection commonly occurs through ingestion of contaminated food or water, or contact with infected cat feces. Leishmania causes Leishmaniasis, Lamblia causes Giardiasis, Amoeba causes Amebiasis, and Trichomonad causes Trichomoniasis, none of which match the symptoms and blood analysis findings described in the question.

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