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A woman is prescribed to take alendronate (Fosamax) for osteoporosis postmenopause. What information will the nurse provide when educating this patient on alendronate (Fosamax)? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Drink 8 oz. of water following dosage.
- B. Lay down for 30 minutes after taking.
- C. This medication has no known side effects.
- D. Avoid weight-bearing exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alendronate (Fosamax) may be prescribed. Esophageal and gastric irritation are common side effects of alendronate, and the woman should be instructed to drink 8 ounces of plain water and sit upright for 30 minutes after taking the drug and before eating a meal. Weight-bearing exercises such as walking, hiking, stair climbing, and dancing are advisable. High-impact exercises should be avoided.
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What will the nurse advise when a woman asks what she can do to reduce the discomfort of hot flashes?
- A. Aerobic exercise helps control hot flashes.'
- B. Increase the amount of calcium and vitamin D in your diet.'
- C. Dress in layers of cotton clothing.'
- D. Drink plenty of fluids, particularly caffeinated beverages.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cotton allows easier passage of air than synthetic fabrics. Layering allows the woman to take off or put on clothes when symptoms occur.
A woman asks the nurse, 'How do oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy?' What will the nurse explain about the combination of estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives?
- A. Makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm
- B. Prevents ovulation
- C. Prohibits implantation of the egg
- D. Acts as a barrier by destroying sperm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral contraceptives contain a combination of estrogen and progesterone that suppresses ovulation.
What is the nurse's best response to a mother who is voicing concern about the molding of her 2-day-old infant?
- A. Molding doesn't cause any problems. Don't worry about it.'
- B. Did you deliver vaginally or by cesarean section?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Molding is a common occurrence in vaginal deliveries due to the head passing through the birth canal. Asking about the delivery method helps assess whether molding is expected and provides an opportunity to reassure the mother that it typically resolves without complications.
Which statement made by the nurse would teach an adolescent using tampons how to prevent toxic shock syndrome (TSS)?
- A. Super-absorbency tampons are effective for overnight absorption.
- B. Tampons should be changed at least every 4 hours.
- C. Gloves should be worn when changing tampons.
- D. TSS can be prevented by using a pad for the first 2 days of menstrual flow.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tampons should be changed every 4 hours, because a blood-soaked tampon is an excellent environment for bacteria.
What should a woman expect after insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD)?
- A. Menstrual flow will be lighter.
- B. Menstrual cramps will be eliminated.
- C. A string should be felt in the vagina.
- D. The device should be changed every 2 years.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A woman should feel for the string periodically, especially after her period, to confirm the presence of the IUD.