Nokea
Abnormal coloration of the urine (in the absence of haematuria) may be due to:
- A. Consumption of beetroot
- B. Treatment with co-danthramer
- C. Phenylketonuria
- D. Acute intermittent porphyria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beetroot can cause red urine. Co-danthramer, phenylketonuria, and porphyria can also cause abnormal urine color, but beetroot is a common cause.
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The Duke criterion for the diagnosis of endocarditis is a major
- A. new regurgitant flow by echocardiography
- B. Osler nodes
- C. single positive blood culture
- D. serologic evidence of infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A single positive blood culture is one of the major criteria for diagnosing endocarditis.
A male client who reports feeling chronically fatigued has a hemoglobin of 11.0 grams/dl (110mmol/L), hematocrit of 34%, and microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells (RBCs). Based on these findings, which dinner selection should the nurse suggest to the client?
- A. Cheese pasta and a lettuce and tomato salad
- B. Beef steak with steamed broccoli and orange slices
- C. Broiled white fish with a baked sweet potato
- D. Grilled shrimp and season rice with asparagus salad
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's lab results indicate iron deficiency anemia. Beef steak is rich in iron, and vitamin C from orange slices enhances iron absorption, making this the best choice to address the anemia.
Regarding idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP):
- A. The more severe the disease
- B. the faster is the recovery to therapy
- C. Alloimmunisation occurs due to fetomaternal incompatibility
- D. Splenomegaly is a recognised feature
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ITP is characterized by low platelet counts due to immune-mediated destruction. Splenomegaly is a recognized feature but the other options are incorrect. Recovery is not necessarily faster with more severe disease alloimmunisation is not a feature of ITP and not all children with platelet counts below 50 000 require hospitalization. IV immunoglobulin is not indicated in all cases.
Which of the following is a vasodilator?
- A. Thromboxane A2
- B. Endothelin
- C. Prostaglandin E2
- D. Urotensin II
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandin E2 is a vasodilator.
A nurse is caring for a child with Down syndrome. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I will make sure my child has regular hearing screenings.
- B. I will encourage my child to be active and participate in play.
- C. I should monitor my child's thyroid function regularly.
- D. I should avoid giving my child a multivitamin supplement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children with Down syndrome may benefit from a multivitamin supplement, especially if they are at risk for nutritional deficiencies.