Nokea
According to C.E. Winslow, what is the goal of Public Health?
- A. For people to attain their birthrights and longevity
- B. For the promotion of health and prevention of diseases
- C. For people to have access to basic health services
- D. For people to be organized in their health efforts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: For people to attain their birthrights and longevity. This goal emphasizes the fundamental rights of individuals to live a healthy and fulfilling life, aligning with Winslow's vision of public health as a means to ensure all people can achieve their full potential. Choice B focuses on disease prevention only, neglecting the broader aspects of well-being. Choice C is limited to access to services, overlooking the holistic nature of public health. Choice D is too narrow, as organizational efforts are just one aspect of public health, not the overarching goal.
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Which disease was declared as a target for eradication in the Philippines through Presidential Proclamation No. 4?
- A. Poliomyelitis
- B. Measles
- C. Rabies
- D. Neonatal Tetanus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Measles. Step 1: Presidential Proclamation No. 4 in the Philippines declared measles as a target for eradication. Step 2: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that can lead to severe complications, making it a priority for eradication efforts. Step 3: Measles eradication efforts involve vaccination campaigns to achieve herd immunity. Summary: A, Poliomyelitis, and D, Neonatal Tetanus, are also targeted for eradication globally but not specifically declared in the Philippines. C, Rabies, is a viral disease transmitted through animal bites and is not typically targeted for eradication due to the complex nature of its transmission.
In a study on the factors contributing to the high mortality rate due to heart diseases in the municipality, which branch of epidemiology is being practiced?
- A. Descriptive
- B. Analytical
- C. Therapeutic
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Analytical epidemiology. This branch focuses on investigating the causes and risk factors of diseases, such as heart diseases in the municipality. It involves comparing groups to identify associations and determine causality, which aligns with studying factors contributing to high mortality rates. Descriptive epidemiology (choice A) describes the distribution of diseases but does not delve into causes. Therapeutic epidemiology (choice C) focuses on treatment interventions, not causes. Evaluation epidemiology (choice D) assesses the effectiveness of programs, not specifically causes of diseases.
When determining whether resources were maximized in implementing Ligtas Tigdas, what is being evaluated?
- A. Effectiveness
- B. Efficiency
- C. Adequacy
- D. Appropriateness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Efficiency. Efficiency refers to achieving the desired outcome with minimal waste of resources. In implementing Ligtas Tigdas, evaluating efficiency involves assessing how well resources such as time, money, and manpower were utilized to achieve the goal of preventing measles. Effectiveness (Choice A) focuses on the outcome achieved, not necessarily the resources used. Adequacy (Choice C) evaluates whether resources were sufficient but doesn't consider waste. Appropriateness (Choice D) pertains to the suitability of resources but doesn't directly address resource utilization. Thus, Efficiency is the most accurate choice for evaluating whether resources were maximized in implementing Ligtas Tigdas.
Which of the following is a function of epidemiology?
- A. Identifying disease conditions based on manifestations presented by a client
- B. Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3-year-old
- C. Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3-year-old client with pneumonia
- D. Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. Epidemiology is the study of patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in populations. Evaluating the effectiveness of implementing protocols like the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness falls under the domain of epidemiology as it involves monitoring and assessing the impact of healthcare interventions on public health outcomes.
A: Identifying disease conditions based on manifestations presented by a client is more aligned with clinical diagnosis rather than epidemiology.
B: Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3-year-old is more related to etiology and risk factors, which are part of epidemiological studies but not the primary function.
C: Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3-year-old client with pneumonia is more focused on clinical pharmacology and treatment outcomes rather than the broader population-based approach of epidemiology.
What level of facility is Region IV Hospital classified as?
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Intermediate
- D. Tertiary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tertiary. Region IV Hospital is classified as a tertiary facility because it provides specialized and advanced medical services such as organ transplants, neurosurgery, and complex cancer treatments. Tertiary hospitals are equipped with specialized medical staff and advanced technology to handle complex cases and provide specialized care.
A: Primary facilities offer basic healthcare services without specialized care.
B: Secondary facilities provide more specialized services than primary care but not as advanced as tertiary care.
C: Intermediate is not a common classification for healthcare facilities and does not accurately describe Region IV Hospital.