Nokea
According to statistical research data, which of these children currently being followed by the pediatric nurse practitioner is at the greatest risk for fatal abuse?
- A. A child who is 2 years old and has cerebral palsy
- B. A child who is 5 years old and has measles
- C. A child who is 8 years old and has appendicitis
- D. A child who is 11 years old and has a fractured humerus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because young children with disabilities, like cerebral palsy, are at the highest risk for fatal abuse based on statistical research. These children may be more vulnerable due to their dependency on caregivers and communication challenges. Choice B is incorrect as measles, although serious, is not associated with fatal abuse. Choice C is incorrect as appendicitis is a medical condition and not a risk factor for abuse. Choice D is incorrect as a fractured humerus, while concerning, does not indicate a higher risk for fatal abuse compared to a child with cerebral palsy.
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Which disorder is associated with persons with a body weight that is normal or even slightly above average?
- A. Pica.
- B. Bulimia.
- C. Obesity.
- D. Anorexia nervosa.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bulimia. Individuals with bulimia nervosa typically have a normal or slightly above average body weight due to the cycle of binge eating and purging behaviors. This is because they consume large amounts of food during binges but then engage in compensatory behaviors such as vomiting or excessive exercise to prevent weight gain. In contrast, choices A (Pica) and D (Anorexia nervosa) are associated with low body weight. Choice C (Obesity) is characterized by excess body weight. Bulimia is the only disorder in the list where individuals can have a normal or slightly above average body weight due to the nature of their eating behaviors.
A client is admitted to a day hospital following an episode in which he purchased a gun to use while standing guard over his property to prevent a neighbor from erecting a boundary fence. His wife describes him as distrustful of the motives of others and often interpreting others' motives as threats. She mentions that one time he accused her of having an affair with a neighbor with whom she chatted occasionally. The care plan will list the priority outcome as 'Client will:
- A. admit his action was excessive based on the circumstance.
- B. write the neighbor a letter of apology.
- C. demonstrate trust in the nurse.
- D. identify positive role models.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: demonstrate trust in the nurse. This is the priority outcome because the client's lack of trust and tendency to perceive threats need to be addressed first. By demonstrating trust in the nurse, the client can begin to develop a therapeutic relationship, which is essential for addressing his distrustful behavior and interpreting threats. This outcome focuses on building rapport and establishing a foundation for therapeutic interventions.
Choice A is incorrect because admitting his action was excessive may not address the underlying issues of distrust and misinterpretation of motives. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the client's core issues and may not be appropriate in this context. Choice D is also incorrect as identifying positive role models is not a priority when the client's trust and perception issues need immediate attention.
Care planning requires that a nurse recognize that the dynamic focus directing a patient with anorexia nervosa is:
- A. managing weight gain.
- B. controlling personal stressors.
- C. maintaining a sense of control.
- D. avoiding social interactions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Anorexia nervosa is characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image.
Step 2: Patients often use strict control over food intake as a way to cope with underlying emotional issues.
Step 3: Maintaining a sense of control is crucial in managing anorexia nervosa as it addresses the core psychological aspects driving the disorder.
Step 4: Managing weight gain (A) is not the primary focus as patients may resist gaining weight due to their fear.
Step 5: Controlling personal stressors (B) may be important but does not address the underlying issue of control related to food and body.
Step 6: Avoiding social interactions (D) does not address the core psychological need for control and can further isolate the patient.
After being raped, a woman was told by her aunt, 'I'm not surprised that happened to you. You were asking for it.' A few days later, a friend told her, 'Well after all, he took you to dinner. He expected something in return.' The victim states, 'I can't believe that people can think that way.' The rape crisis nurse correctly hypothesizes that the client is:
- A. Experiencing cognitive dissonance.
- B. In denial about the rape.
- C. Seeking validation from others.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Experiencing cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance refers to the mental discomfort or conflict that occurs when a person's beliefs or attitudes are inconsistent with their actions or experiences. In this scenario, the woman is facing conflicting beliefs - she knows she did not ask for or deserve to be raped, yet the comments from her aunt and friend suggest otherwise. This leads to the woman feeling disbelief and distress.
Summary:
B: In denial about the rape - This choice does not address the conflicting beliefs the woman is experiencing.
C: Seeking validation from others - While seeking validation may be a natural response, it does not capture the essence of cognitive dissonance in this context.
If you met an individual who appeared to be very charming at first, but later you discovered that he or she manipulated people, caused others hurt without a second thought, and could not be depended upon, you might suspect him of being
- A. dependent
- B. narcissistic
- C. paranoid
- D. antisocial
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antisocial personality disorder features charm, manipulation, and lack of remorse, fitting this description perfectly.