Nokea
After administering a decongestant, which of the following would the nurse include in the ongoing assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Heart sounds
- B. Blood pressure
- C. Level of congestion
- D. Therapeutic effect
- E. Pain assessment
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The ongoing assessment for a client taking a decongestant should include assessment of blood pressure and pulse and asking about level of congestion, therapeutic effect, and adverse reactions.
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Based on the nurse's understanding of decongestants, the nurse would expect to administer this drug cautiously to a client with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Diabetes
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Hypotension
- D. Hypothyroidism
- E. Arthritis
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The nurse should administer decongestants cautiously to clients with diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and glaucoma. These clients should contact their primary health care provider before taking over-the-counter decongestants.
A client has been prescribed a decongestant drug for congestion associated with rhinitis. When teaching the client about this drug, which of the following would the nurse include as a possible adverse reaction?
- A. Decreased pulse rate
- B. Blurred vision
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Dryness of throat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should inform the client that blurred vision is a possible adverse reaction of decongestant drugs. Additionally, an increased and not decreased pulse rate may also be seen. Drowsiness is not seen with decongestant usage. Dryness of the nasal mucosa and not the throat may be seen with decongestant drugs, which are used mostly as topical sprays and drops.
A client with vasomotor rhinitis has been prescribed an antihistamine. The client is eager to know whether the prescribed antihistamine may cause excessive sedation. Which antihistamine would the nurse identify as having very little sedative effect?
- A. Brompheniramine
- B. Clemastine
- C. Chlorpheniramine
- D. Azelastine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should assure the client that azelastine has very little sedative effect; it is a second-generation antihistamine with little effect on central nervous system (CNS) depression. Brompheniramine, clemastine, and chlorpheniramine are first-generation antihistamines. Sedation is seen more often with first-generation antihistamines.
A client suffers from motion sickness. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate the primary health care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.
- A. Promethazine (Phenergan)
- B. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- C. Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
- D. Azelastine (Astelin)
- E. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Both promethazine and diphenhydramine can be used in the treatment of motion sickness. None of the other drugs listed would be appropriate.
A client complains of increased sedation after the initiation of chlorpheniramine to treat her allergies. Which of the following would the nurse suggest to the client to treat her allergy symptoms that would result in less sedation? Select all that apply.
- A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- B. Clomastine (Tavist)
- C. Ioratadine (Claritin)
- D. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- E. Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Loratadine and cetirizine are second-generation antihistamines, which can be less sedating than first-generation antihistamines, like chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, and clemastine. Phenylephrine is a decongestant used to treat nasal congestion.