Nokea
After administering metolazone to a client, the nurse monitors for signs of hypokalemia, including which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Anorexia
- C. Depression
- D. Hypoglycemia
- E. Drowsiness
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The following are signs of hypokalemia: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, depression, confusion, cardiac arrhythmias, impaired thought process, and drowsiness.
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A physician has prescribed furosemide to a client with pulmonary edema. The client informs the nurse that he is also taking phenytoin as treatment for seizures. The nurse would assess the client closely for which of the following?
- A. Increased risk of bleeding
- B. Decreased diuretic effectiveness
- C. Increased blood glucose levels
- D. Increased seizure episodes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for decreased diuretic effectiveness in the client as the effect of the interaction between furosemide and hydantoins.
When describing the different classes of diuretics, the nursing instructor would include which of the following as sulfonamides, with nonbacteriostatic action, that inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase? Select all that apply.
- A. Furosemide
- B. Acetazolamide
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide
- D. Methazolamide
- E. Torsemide
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Acetazolamide and methazolamide are carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Furosemide and torsemide are loop diuretics. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic.
The nurse understands that the use of diuretics is contraindicated in clients with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Hyponatremia
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Anuria
- E. Asthma
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Diuretics are contraindicated in clients with known hypersensitivity to the drugs, electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia and hypokalemia), severe kidney or liver dysfunction, and anuria.
A nurse is administering a diuretic that inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal and proximal tubules and in the loop of Henle. Which of the following might the nurse be administering? Select all that apply.
- A. Chlorothiazide
- B. Furosemide
- C. Bumetanide
- D. Mannitol
- E. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Loop diuretics, like furosemide (Lasix) and bumetanide (Bumex), cause diuresis by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal and proximal tubules and in the loop of Henle.
A nurse caring for a client with diabetes controlled with metformin recently began taking a drug for edema. The nurse notices that the client's blood glucose levels are increasing. Which of the following diuretics are likely to cause hyperglycemia? Select all that apply.
- A. Hydrochlorothiazide
- B. Furosemide
- C. Chlorthalidone
- D. Acetazolamide
- E. Metolazone
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics, like hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, and metolazone, can result in hyperglycemia in clients receiving antidiabetic drugs, like metformin.