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After breast-feeding 10 minutes at each breast, a new mother calls the nurse to the postpartum room to help change the newborn's diaper. As the mother begins the diaper change, the newborn spits up the breast milk. What action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Place the newborn in a position with the head lower than the feet.
- B. Turn the newborn to the side and bulb suction the mouth and nares.
- C. Wipe away the spit-up and assist the mother with the diaper change
- D. Sit the newborn upright and burp by rubbing or patting the upper back
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sitting the newborn upright and burping helps release trapped air, which is a common cause of spitting up after feeding.
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A client who is 32 weeks gestation comes to the women's health clinic and reports nausea and vomiting. On examination, the nurse notes that the client has an elevated blood pressure. Which action should the nurse implement next?
- A. Inspect the client's face for edema
- B. Ascertain the frequency of headaches
- C. Evaluate for history of cluster headaches
- D. Observe and time client's contractions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated blood pressure at 32 weeks may suggest preeclampsia. Inspecting for facial edema is a priority to assess for fluid retention, a key sign of this condition.
Which type of anesthesia, used with a client in labor, produces a loss of sensation only to the vagina and perineum?
- A. Epidural block
- B. Saddle block
- C. Paracervical block.
- D. Pudendal block
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A pudendal block targets the pudendal nerve, numbing only the vagina and perineum, making it ideal for the second stage of labor.
The nurse is caring for a postpartum client who is complaining of severe pain and a feeling of pressure in her perineum. Her fundus is firm and she has a moderate lochial flow. On inspection, the nurse finds that a perineal hematoma is beginning to form. Which assessment finding should the nurse obtain first?
- A. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- B. Abdominal contour and bowel sounds
- C. Heart rate and blood pressure
- D. Urinary output and IV fluid intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A perineal hematoma can cause significant pain and pressure, potentially leading to hemodynamic instability. Assessing heart rate and blood pressure first is crucial to detect signs of shock or circulatory compromise.
After two miscarriages, a client is instructed to increase her daily intake of foods that includes folic acid. The client does not like green leafy vegetables and states she is allergic to soy. Which food should the nurse suggest that the client eat to obtain folic acid?
- A. Strawberries
- B. Collard greens.
- C. Whole milk
- D. Yogurt
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Strawberries provide a moderate amount of folic acid and are suitable given the client's dislike for green leafy vegetables and soy allergy.
A client at 40-weeks gestation presents to the obstetrical floor and indicates that the amniotic membranes ruptured spontaneously at home. She is in active labor, and feels the need to bear down and push. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Estimated amount of fluid.
- B. Color and consistency of fluid.
- C. Time the membranes ruptured
- D. Any odor noted when membranes ruptured
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The time of membrane rupture is critical to assess the risk of infection, which increases with prolonged rupture, especially in active labor.