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After conducting a class for female adolescents about human reproduction, which of the following statements indicates that the school nurse's teaching has been effective?
- A. Under ideal conditions, sperm can reach the ovum in 15 to 30 minutes, resulting in pregnancy.
- B. I won't become pregnant if I abstain from intercourse during the last 14 days of my menstrual cycle.
- C. Both of the above
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sperm can reach the ovum in 15-30 minutes under ideal conditions, which is accurate. Abstaining during the last 14 days of the cycle is not a reliable contraception method, as ovulation timing varies.
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A client is considering the fertility awareness method. Which of the following factors should the nurse discuss as affecting its reliability?
- A. The client's age and parity.
- B. The consistency of the client's menstrual cycle.
- C. The client's history of STIs.
- D. The client's use of hormonal contraceptives.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The consistency of the client's menstrual cycle significantly affects the reliability of the fertility awareness method, as irregular cycles make ovulation prediction difficult. Age, parity, STIs, and hormonal contraceptives are less directly relevant.
A nurse is counseling a client about the use of a diaphragm. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Insert the diaphragm up to 12 hours before intercourse.
- B. Use spermicide with the diaphragm for each act of intercourse.
- C. Remove the diaphragm immediately after intercourse.
- D. Store the diaphragm in a hot, humid environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using spermicide with the diaphragm for each act of intercourse is essential for effectiveness. It can be inserted up to 6 hours before intercourse, should be left in place for at least 6 hours after, and stored in a cool, dry place.
After reinforcing the danger signs to report with a gravida 2 client at 32 weeks' gestation with an elevated blood pressure, which client statements would demonstrate her understanding of when to call the physician's office? Select all that apply.
- A. "If I get up in the morning and feel dizzy, even if the dizziness goes away."
- B. "If I see any bleeding, even if I have no pain."
- C. "If I have a pounding headache that doesn't go away."
- D. "If I notice the veins in my legs getting bigger."
- E. "If the leg cramps at night are waking me up."
- F. "If the baby seems to be more active than usual."
Correct Answer: A,B,C,F
Rationale: These symptoms could indicate complications needing medical attention.
The physician orders intermittent fetal heart rate monitoring for a 20-year-old obese primigravid client at 40 weeks' gestation who is admitted to the birthing center in the first stage of labor. The nurse should monitor the client's fetal heart rate pattern at which of the following intervals?
- A. Every 15 minutes during the latent phase.
- B. Every 30 minutes during the active phase.
- C. Every 60 minutes during the initial phase.
- D. Every 2 hours during the transition phase.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a low-risk primigravid client in the active phase of the first stage of labor, intermittent fetal heart rate monitoring is typically performed every 30 minutes to ensure fetal well-being, as per standard obstetric guidelines. More frequent monitoring (every 15 minutes) is reserved for the second stage or high-risk cases, while less frequent intervals (every 60 minutes or 2 hours) are insufficient for active labor.
A multigravid client diagnosed with a probable ruptured ectopic pregnancy is scheduled for emergency surgery. In addition to monitoring the client's blood pressure before surgery, which of the following would the nurse assess?
- A. Uterine cramping.
- B. Abdominal distention.
- C. Hemoglobin and hematocrit.
- D. Pulse rate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pulse rate helps assess circulatory status.