Nokea
After pituitary surgery, the nurse should assess the client for which of the following?
- A. Urine specific gravity less than 1.010.
- B. Urine output between 1 and 2 L/day.
- C. Blood glucose level higher than 300 mg/dL.
- D. Urine negative for glucose and ketones.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low urine specific gravity (<1.010) may indicate diabetes insipidus, a common complication post-pituitary surgery due to reduced vasopressin.
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For the client who is experiencing expressive aphasia, which nursing intervention is most helpful in promoting communication?
- A. Speaking loudly.
- B. Using a picture board.
- C. Writing directions so client can read them.
- D. Speaking in short sentences.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A picture board is most helpful for expressive aphasia, allowing the client to point to images to communicate needs. Speaking loudly, writing directions, or short sentences are less effective for clients unable to verbalize.
The nurse should teach clients that the most common route of transmitting tubercle bacilli from person to person is through contaminated:
- A. Dust particles.
- B. Droplet nuclei.
- C. Water.
- D. Eating utensils.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tuberculosis is primarily spread through droplet nuclei produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Dust, water, and utensils are not significant transmission routes.
Which of the following findings would suggest pneumothorax in a trauma victim?
- A. Pronounced crackles.
- B. Inspiratory wheezing.
- C. Dullness on percussion.
- D. Absent breath sounds.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absent breath sounds on the affected side suggest pneumothorax due to air in the pleural space. Crackles, wheezing, and dullness are more indicative of other conditions.
A client with renal calculi is prescribed potassium citrate. The purpose is to:
- A. Dissolve stones.
- B. Alkalinize urine.
- C. Reduce pain.
- D. Prevent bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium citrate alkalinizes urine, preventing uric acid stone formation.
Which of the following symptoms might indicate that a client was developing tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Pains in the joints of the hands and feet.
- B. Tingling in the fingers.
- C. Bleeding on the back of the dressing.
- D. Tension on the suture line.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetany, caused by hypocalcemia from parathyroid gland damage during thyroidectomy, presents with tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, or spasms.