Nokea
After several hospitalizations for respiratory ailments, a 6-month-old has been diagnosed as having HIV. The infant's respiratory ailments were most likely due to:
- A. Pneumocystis carinii
- B. Cytomegalovirus
- C. Cryptosporidiosis
- D. Herpes simplex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pneumocystis carinii (now Pneumocystis jirovecii) is a common cause of pneumonia in HIV-infected infants.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is planning room assignments for the day. Which client should be assigned to a private room if only one is available?
- A. The client with methcillin resistant-staphylococcus aureas (MRSA)
- B. The client with diabetes
- C. The client with pancreatitis
- D. The client with Addison's disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with MRSA require contact precautions due to the highly contagious nature of the infection, necessitating a private room to prevent transmission to others.
The nurse is teaching a client with limited mobility about preventing blood clots. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. Do not cross your legs when sitting.
- B. Avoid riding in a car for more than two hours.
- C. Put a pillow under your knees when lying in bed.
- D. You should ask your doctor to give you a blood thinner.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crossing legs can impede venous return, increasing clot risk, so avoiding this is correct. Long car rides are a risk but not limited to two hours, and pillows under knees can worsen circulation.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated by the transplant team. The client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 14 mL/min. This places the client in which stage of CKD?
- A. stage 1
- B. stage 5
- C. stage 4
- D. stage 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GFR <15 mL/min indicates stage 5 CKD (end-stage renal disease), often requiring dialysis or transplant.
The nurse is teaching the mother of a child with attention deficit disorder regarding the use of Ritalin (methylphenidate). The nurse recognizes that the mother understands her teaching when she states the importance of:
- A. Offering high-calorie snacks
- B. Watching for signs of infection
- C. Observing for signs of oversedation
- D. Using a sunscreen with an SPF of 30
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ritalin, a stimulant, can cause side effects like insomnia or agitation, not oversedation. The mother's mention of oversedation indicates a misunderstanding, but the question implies correct teaching, so observing for side effects like overstimulation is key.
A client is receiving oxygen therapy at 3 L/min per nasal cannula. Which of the following fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) measurements does the nurse expect that the client is receiving?
- A. 24%.
- B. 60%.
- C. 32%.
- D. 100%.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nasal cannula at 3 L/min delivers approximately 32% FiO2 (C), as each liter increases FiO2 by about 4% above room air (21%). Other percentages (A, B, D) do not correspond to this flow rate.