Nokea
After surgery the nurse notes that the patient's urine is dark amber and concentrated. Which of the following does the nurse understand may be the reason for this?
- A. The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- B. The sympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- C. The parasympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- D. The parasympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to the stress of surgery, leading to the urine becoming dark amber and concentrated. During stressful events such as surgery, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system as part of the fight-or-flight response. One of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system in this situation is to conserve fluids in the body by reducing urine output. This results in more concentrated urine, often appearing dark amber in color. Conversely, the parasympathetic nervous system is not typically involved in conserving fluid during stress responses.
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Antivenins should be considered in the treatment of all of the following EXCEPT
- A. rattlesnake envenomations
- B. scorpion envenomations
- C. black widow envenomations
- D. stonefish envenomations
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Hymenoptera envenomations (e.g., bee stings) typically do not require antivenin, as they are managed with supportive care.
The BEST implication of a 6-month-old baby's visuomotor coordination is
- A. voluntary release of objects
- B. comparison ability of small objects
- C. increasing ability to explore objects
- D. autonomy of actions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Voluntary release is a key milestone in visuomotor coordination at this age.
while planning therapeutic care for type ï‰ diabetes mellitus you would expect treatment plan to include:
- A. oral hypoglycemic agents
- B. more physical exercises only
- C. dietary regimen only
- D. insulin injection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin. Therefore, the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes is insulin therapy. Insulin injections are necessary to replace the insulin that the body is unable to produce on its own. While physical exercise and dietary management are important components of managing diabetes, in the case of type 1 diabetes, insulin is an essential part of the treatment plan to control blood glucose levels effectively and prevent complications. Oral hypoglycemic agents, on the other hand, are typically used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, where the body's insulin production may be insufficient or ineffective.
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the nurse to take when setting up supplies for a client who requires a blood transfusion?
- A. Add any needed IV medication in the blood bag within one hour of planned infusion
- B. Obtain blood bag from laboratory and leave at room temperature for at least one hour prior to infusion
- C. Prime tubing of blood administration set with 0.9% NS solution, completely, filling filter
- D. Inadequate dietary intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When setting up supplies for a client who requires a blood transfusion, the appropriate nursing intervention is to prime the tubing of the blood administration set with 0.9% NS solution completely, filling the filter. This is essential to ensure that the blood components flow smoothly through the tubing and any potential air bubbles are removed in order to prevent air embolism and ensure the safety of the blood transfusion process. Option A is not correct because adding IV medication in the blood bag is not a standard practice and can compromise the integrity of the blood product. Option B is also incorrect as blood products should be stored and maintained at specific temperatures to prevent spoilage or contamination; leaving it at room temperature is not advised. Option D is unrelated to setting up supplies for a blood transfusion and addresses inadequate dietary intake, which is a different nursing concern than the preparation of blood transfusion supplies.
In preparing a preschool-aged patient for an injection, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to:
- A. allow the patient to administer an injection to a doll.
- B. arrange for the patient to watch a peer receive an injection.
- C. have the parents explain the process to the patient.
- D. suggest diversionary activities like singing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the child to practice on a doll can help reduce anxiety and prepare them for the procedure.