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After teaching a class about circadian rhythm disorders, a nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as a subtype? Select all that apply.
- A. Delayed sleep phase
- B. Nightmare
- C. Sleep terror
- D. Jet lag
- E. Shift work
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Circadian rhythm disorders include delayed sleep phase (A), jet lag (D), and shift work (E) disorders, which disrupt sleep-wake timing. Nightmare (B) and sleep terror (C) are parasomnias, not circadian disorders.
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A female client who is receiving counseling at a community health center has complained about being unable to sleep at each of the last three weekly sessions. The nurse interviews the family members to determine the effect of the client?s problem on them. Which response would the nurse most likely expect to hear?
- A. It really hasn?t seemed to be a problem for us.
- B. There?s been little change in how she gets along with other family members.
- C. The not sleeping has really had a positive effect on her and us.
- D. It?s been exhausting living with her these past few weeks.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic insomnia can strain family dynamics, leading to exhaustion (D) due to disrupted routines or irritability. Minimal impact (A), no change in relationships (B), or positive effects (C) are less likely given insomnia?s negative effects.
A client with a mental disorder is being discharged from the inpatient unit. During the client?s stay in the hospital, the client eventually was able to get an adequate night?s sleep even though the client had experienced chronic insomnia over the years. The client?s spouse asks the nurse what the family can do in the client?s home environment to promote healthy sleep. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. It is basically up to your husband to focus on promoting his own sleep.
- B. You might consider a glass of wine about 30 minutes before he is ready to go to bed.
- C. Remember to keep stimulating activities at a minimum before he goes to bed.
- D. Give him a spicy snack with a warm cup of tea at night before bedtime.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minimizing stimulating activities before bed (C) supports sleep hygiene by reducing arousal. Relying solely on the client (A) dismisses family support, alcohol (B) can disrupt sleep, and spicy snacks or tea (D) may cause discomfort or contain caffeine.
A nursing instructor is describing the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as being greater in individuals with mental health disorders. Which disorders would the instructor include as being associated with OSA? Select all that apply.
- A. Depression
- B. Borderline personality disorder
- C. Schizophrenia
- D. Posttraumatic stress disorder
- E. Anxiety
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: OSA is associated with depression (A), PTSD (D), and anxiety (E) due to shared physiological and psychological stressors. Borderline personality disorder (B) and schizophrenia (C) have weaker associations with OSA.
A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about sleep and its relationship to health. In explaining the relationship between REM sleep and body temperature, which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. There is no observable relationship between REM sleep and body temperature.
- B. With higher levels of REM sleep, we also experience higher body temperatures.
- C. Our REM sleep and body temperature cycles are inversely related.
- D. The extent of our experience of REM sleep is directly proportional to a rise in body temperature.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Body temperature decreases during REM sleep due to reduced thermoregulation, making the cycles inversely related (C). No relationship (A) is incorrect, higher REM with higher temperatures (B) and direct proportionality (D) contradict physiological evidence.
The nurse is discussing sleep enhancing strategies with a client who is experiencing insomnia. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to suggest?
- A. Eat right before you go to bed as long as it is something rich that will make you sleepy.
- B. Try exercising a bit right before your bedtime so you will feel tired and sleepy.
- C. Drinking a warm cup of tea right before bedtime will help to relax you.
- D. Establish a regular time for going to bed and getting up in the morning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Establishing a regular sleep schedule (D) promotes circadian rhythm stability, a key strategy for insomnia. Eating before bed (A) can disrupt sleep, exercise close to bedtime (B) may increase arousal, and tea (C) may contain caffeine, worsening insomnia.