Nokea
After teaching a group of nursing students about plasma expanders, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as an example? Select all that apply.
- A. Normal saline
- B. Hetastarch
- C. Dextran
- D. D5W
- E. Albuminar/Buminate
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The following are examples of plasma expanders: hetastarch (Hespan), low-molecular-weight dextran (Dextran 40), and high-molecular-weight dextran (Dextran 75).
You may also like to solve these questions
After teaching a group of nursing students about electrolyte imbalances, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which of the following as indicative of hypercalcemia? Select all that apply.
- A. Constipation
- B. Oliguria
- C. Polydipsia
- D. Bone pain
- E. Anorexia
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, bone tenderness or pain, polyuria, polydipsia, constipation, dehydration, muscle weakness and atrophy, stupor, coma, and cardiac arrest.
A nurse is assessing a client receiving a continuous IV infusion. The nurse suspects that the client is developing fluid overload based on assessment of which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Weight loss
- B. Decreased blood pressure
- C. Distended neck veins
- D. Rapid breathing
- E. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Signs of fluid overload include headache, weakness, blurred vision, behavioral changes, weight gain, isolated muscle twitching, hyponatremia, rapid breathing, wheezing, coughing, rise in blood pressure, distended neck veins, elevated central venous pressure, and convulsions.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving electrolyte replacement therapy IV. When assessing the client's condition, the nurse observes signs of extravasation at the needle site. Which of the following would the nurse do next?
- A. Stop the current infusion and restart the infusion in another vein.
- B. Monitor the client's condition for signs of dizziness.
- C. Stop the IV infusion temporarily.
- D. Monitor the client's vital signs every 5 minutes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: On observing extravasation at the needle site, the nurse should restart the IV infusion in another vein. The nurse need not monitor the client's condition for any signs of dizziness since dizziness is not known to occur in the client due to extravasation at the needle site.
A physician orders normal saline for a client to replace lost fluids due to poor oral intake. The order is for 1000 mL D5W to be infused over a period of 4 hours. If the drop factor is 5 drops/mL, the nurse would determine the IV flow rate to be
- A. 20 drops/min
- B. 21 drops/min
- C. 22 drops/min
- D. 23 drops/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1000 mL / 4 hours = 250 mL/hr; 250 mL/hr ? 1 hr/60 min = 4.17 mL/min; 4.17 mL/min ? 5 = 20.8 or 21 drops/min.
The primary health care provider prescribes potassium to be replaced IV. When reviewing the client's medication history, the nurse determines that the underlying reason for this order is most likely the administration of which of the following drugs? Select all that apply.
- A. Furosemide (Lasix)
- B. Enalaprilat (Vasotec)
- C. Bumetanide (Bumex)
- D. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
- E. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The administration of loop diuretics, like furosemide (Lasix) and bumetanide (Bumex), causes the excretion of water and potassium and can result in the need for IV fluid replacement of potassium.