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After teaching a group of students about the epidemiology of schizoaffective disorder, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state which of the following?
- A. The disorder occurs often in children.
- B. It is more likely to occur in women.
- C. Most persons are African Americans.
- D. The disorder is rare in family relatives.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schizoaffective disorder (B) is more prevalent in women, possibly due to hormonal or genetic factors. It is rare in children (A), not specific to African Americans (C), and has a genetic component, making it more common in relatives (D).
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The nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving treatment for schizophrenia with chlorpromazine for the past year. It would be essential for the nurse to monitor the client for which of the following?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Torticollis
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Tardive dyskinesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tardive dyskinesia (D), a potentially irreversible side effect of long-term use of typical antipsychotics like chlorpromazine, involves involuntary movements and requires ongoing monitoring. Weight loss (A) is unlikely (weight gain is more common), torticollis (B) is an acute dystonia, and hypoglycemia (C) is not a typical side effect.
A nursing instructor is preparing a class lecture about schizophrenia and outcomes focusing on recovery. Which of the following would the instructor include as a major goal?
- A. Continuity of care
- B. Shorter in-patient stays
- C. Immediate crisis stabilization
- D. Social engagement
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social engagement (D) is a major recovery goal in schizophrenia, promoting reintegration and quality of life. Continuity of care (A) and crisis stabilization (C) are means to achieve recovery, and shorter stays (B) are logistical, not primary goals.
When assessing a client with delusional disorder, the nurse would most likely expect to find impairment in which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Social functioning
- B. Marital functioning
- C. Intellectual functioning
- D. Occupational functioning
- E. Mental status functioning
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Delusional disorder often impairs social (A), marital (B), and occupational functioning (D) due to the impact of delusions on relationships and work. Intellectual (C) and mental status functioning (E) typically remain intact, as the disorder is focal.
The nurse is caring for a client in an inpatient mental health setting. The nurse notices that when the client is conversing with other clients, he repeats what they are saying word for word. The nurse interprets this finding and documents it as which of the following?
- A. Echopraxia
- B. Neologisms
- C. Tangentiality
- D. Echolalia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Echolalia (D) is the correct term for the client?s behavior of repeating others? words verbatim, a common symptom in schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, reflecting impaired communication processing. Echopraxia (A) involves mimicking movements, not speech. Neologisms (B) are made-up words, and tangentiality (C) refers to responses that veer off-topic, neither of which apply here.
Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to keep in mind when establishing the nurse-patient relationship with a client with schizophrenia to promote recovery?
- A. The relationship typically develops over a short period of time.
- B. Decisions about care are the responsibility of interdisciplinary team.
- C. Short, time-limited interactions are best for the client experiencing psychosis.
- D. Typically, clients with schizophrenia readily engage in a therapeutic relationship.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Short, time-limited interactions (C) are most effective for clients with schizophrenia experiencing psychosis, as they reduce overstimulation and build trust gradually. Relationships take time (A), interdisciplinary teams share decisions (B), and engagement is often challenging (D), not readily achieved.