Nokea
After water absorption in the large intestine, what waste product remains and is eventually eliminated from the body?
- A. Chyme
- B. Bolus
- C. Glucose
- D. Feces
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Feces. After the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from digested food material, the waste product that remains is feces. Feces consist of undigested food material, bacteria, and waste products that were not absorbed by the body. Choice A, Chyme, is incorrect as chyme is a semi-fluid mass of partially digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine. Choice B, Bolus, is incorrect as bolus refers to a rounded mass of food that is swallowed. Choice C, Glucose, is incorrect as glucose is a simple sugar that serves as a vital energy source for the body and is not a waste product in this context.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical bond?
- A. Ionic bond
- B. Covalent bond
- C. Metallic bond
- D. Gravitational bond
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are all types of chemical bonds that involve the sharing or transfer of electrons between atoms. An ionic bond occurs when one atom donates an electron to another, creating positive and negative ions that attract each other. A covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. Metallic bonds are formed between metal atoms where electrons are delocalized and move freely among the metal ions. On the other hand, a gravitational bond is not a type of chemical bond. It refers to the force of attraction between two objects with mass, such as the gravitational force between the Earth and objects on its surface. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Gravitational bond.'
Which hormone, produced by the adrenal glands, plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress, including the regulation of salt and water balance?
- A. Aldosterone
- B. Epinephrine
- C. Cortisol
- D. Insulin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone is the correct answer. It is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress by regulating salt and water balance. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and water, helping to maintain blood pressure and electrolyte balance during stressful situations. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, and cortisol are other hormones produced by the adrenal glands, but they have different functions in the stress response. Epinephrine primarily acts to increase heart rate and blood flow in response to stress, while cortisol helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and inflammation. Insulin, on the other hand, is produced by the pancreas and is involved in regulating blood sugar levels, not salt and water balance.
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange between the blood and inhaled air?
- A. Trachea
- B. Larynx
- C. Alveoli
- D. Pharynx
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Alveoli. The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the air we breathe in and the blood. The trachea, larynx, and pharynx are all part of the airway passage but do not directly participate in gas exchange. The trachea serves as the windpipe, the larynx is involved in sound production and protecting the airway during swallowing, and the pharynx helps with swallowing and speech production. Therefore, the alveoli specifically facilitate the critical gas exchange process, making them the correct answer in this context.
In the cardiovascular system, what does the term 'double circulation' refer to?
- A. The separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood flow within the heart.
- B. The regulation of blood pressure through vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
- C. The cyclic contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle.
- D. The existence of two separate circulatory pathways, one for the lungs and one for the body.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The term 'double circulation' in the cardiovascular system refers to the existence of two separate circulatory pathways, one for the lungs (pulmonary circulation) and one for the body (systemic circulation). Oxygen-poor blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, and then oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the lungs back to the heart to be circulated to the rest of the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the concept of 'double circulation.' Choice A refers to the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood within the heart, choice B relates to blood pressure regulation mechanisms, and choice C describes the cardiac muscle's contraction and relaxation, none of which define 'double circulation' in the context of the cardiovascular system.
Which type of wave does not require a medium for propagation?
- A. Transverse wave
- B. Longitudinal wave
- C. Mechanical wave
- D. Electromagnetic wave
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for propagation because they consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that can travel through a vacuum. In contrast, transverse and longitudinal waves are mechanical waves that require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) for propagation. Therefore, options A, B, and C are incorrect as they are all types of mechanical waves that necessitate a medium for transmission.