Nokea
All of the following except___ can occur due to the decreased tactile sensations that occur in the older person.
- A. Burns on feet and hands due to inability to feel the temperature of bath water
- B. Social isolation due to not wanting to be touched
- C. Development of sores on feet due to inability to feel pressure and injury
- D. Increased tendency to fall due to decreased sensation of feet to floor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because social isolation is not directly related to decreased tactile sensations. A, C, and D are consequences of decreased tactile sensations in older individuals. A can occur due to not feeling the temperature, C due to not feeling pressure and injury, and D due to decreased sensation causing falls. Social isolation is more related to emotional or psychological factors rather than physical sensations. It is crucial to differentiate between physical consequences and social consequences when considering the effects of decreased tactile sensations in older individuals.
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The nurse is providing an educational session to new employees, and the topic is abuse of the older adult. The nurse helps the employees identify that which client is most typical of a victim of abuse?
- A. 75 y.o man with moderate hypertension
- B. 68 y.o man with newly dx cataracts
- C. 90 y.o woman with advanced Parkinson's dz
- D. 70 y.o woman with early dx Lyme dz
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 90 y.o woman with advanced Parkinson's dz. Older adults with advanced Parkinson's disease are more vulnerable to abuse due to their physical and cognitive impairments. They may be dependent on caregivers, making them easy targets for abuse. The other choices do not indicate significant vulnerability to abuse. Choice A is a common demographic but lacks specific vulnerability factors. Choice B with cataracts and Choice D with early Lyme disease do not inherently increase the risk of abuse.
What is the most common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults?
- A. Medication side effects
- B. Sleep deprivation
- C. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- D. Electrolyte imbalances
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are a common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults due to their impact on the central nervous system. UTIs can lead to systemic inflammation and affect cognitive function, resulting in delirium. Other choices like medication side effects, sleep deprivation, and electrolyte imbalances can contribute to delirium but are not as common or direct as UTIs in this population.
Primary prevention for older adults includes:
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Correct Answer: Regular physical activity and healthy diet
Rationale:
1. Regular physical activity helps maintain cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and balance in older adults, reducing the risk of falls and chronic diseases.
2. A healthy diet provides essential nutrients for overall health and helps prevent conditions like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
3. Both components are key in primary prevention by promoting overall well-being, reducing the risk of age-related health issues, and enhancing quality of life.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Annual health screenings - While important for early detection, screenings alone do not prevent health issues.
B: Social isolation prevention programs - Important for mental health, but not primary prevention.
C: Routine medication management - Important for managing existing conditions, not primary prevention.
D: Memory enhancement exercises - Beneficial for cognitive health but not primary prevention for physical health issues in older adults.
A home care nurse discusses turning a patient every 2 hours, but the patient’s daughter removes the turning clock. The best response by the nurse is:
- A. “You must follow my guidelines and turn her every 2 hours, or I will not be able to take care of her.”
- B. “I understand that you value your culture, but culture cannot stop you from providing good care to your mother.”
- C. “I understand that you care very much for your mother. Perhaps caring for her is too much for you.”
- D. “How can we best work together to provide the best care for your mother?”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates empathy, collaboration, and a patient-centered approach. By asking how to work together, the nurse acknowledges the daughter's concerns and fosters a collaborative relationship. This approach respects the daughter's role in her mother's care and encourages open communication.
Choice A is incorrect as it uses a threatening tone and may alienate the daughter, leading to a breakdown in communication. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the daughter's cultural values, which are important in providing holistic care. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests that the daughter is incapable of caring for her mother, which can be disempowering and offensive.
What is the most common cause of hospitalization for older adults with diabetes?
- A. Stroke
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Diabetic ketoacidosis
- D. Infection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infection. Older adults with diabetes are more vulnerable to infections due to weakened immune systems caused by high blood sugar levels. Infections can lead to severe complications and hospitalization. Stroke (A) is a common complication of diabetes but not the most common cause of hospitalization. Hypoglycemia (B) and diabetic ketoacidosis (C) are acute complications of diabetes but are less common causes of hospitalization compared to infections.