Nokea
Allopurinol (Zyloprim), 200 mg/day, is prescribed for the client with renal calculi to take at home. The nurse should teach the client about which the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Retinopathy.
- B. Maculopapular rash.
- C. Nasal congestion.
- D. Dizziness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maculopapular rash is a common adverse effect of allopurinol, requiring monitoring due to potential allergic reactions.
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Which of the following characteristics displayed by the wife of a 36-year-old man with pancreatic cancer suggests that she may be at risk for negative bereavement outcomes?
- A. She is preparing for her husband's death.
- B. Her high socioeconomic status.
- C. Her strong family support.
- D. She blames herself for her husband's cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Self-blame indicates unresolved guilt, which is a risk factor for negative bereavement outcomes, as it can complicate the grieving process.
Which of the following medications should be available to provide emergency treatment if a client develops tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Sodium phosphate.
- B. Calcium gluconate.
- C. Echothiophate iodide.
- D. Sodium bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is used to treat tetany by correcting hypocalcemia, which causes muscle spasms and tingling.
A client with detachment of the retina is to patch both eyes. The expected outcome of patching is to:
- A. Reduce rapid eye movements.
- B. Decrease the irritation caused by light entering the damaged eye.
- C. Protect the injured eye from infection.
- D. Rest the eyes to promote healing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patching both eyes reduces rapid eye movements, which could worsen retinal detachment by preventing further stress on the retina.
A 38-year-old female client with a history of breast-conserving surgery, axillary node dissection, and radiation therapy reports that her arm is red, warm to touch, and slightly swollen. Which of the following actions should the nurse suggest?
- A. Apply warm compresses to the affected arm.
- B. Elevate the arm on two pillows.
- C. See the physician immediately.
- D. Schedule an appointment within 2 to 3 weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Redness, warmth, and swelling suggest cellulitis, a serious infection in a client with a history of axillary node dissection, requiring immediate medical evaluation.
A client with diabetes mellitus comes to the clinic for a regular 3-month follow-up appointment. The nurse notes several small bandages covering cuts on the client's hands. The client says, 'I'm so clumsy. I'm always cutting my finger cooking or burning myself on the iron.' Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Soak small wounds in isopropyl alcohol.'
- B. Keep all cuts clean and covered.'
- C. Why don't you have your children do the cooking and ironing?'
- D. You really should be fine as long as you take your daily medication.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping cuts clean and covered prevents infection, a significant risk in diabetes due to poor wound healing.