Nokea
Although it has not been conclusively proven, the nurse explains that some women with fibrocystic disease get relief from their symptoms by eliminating which substance from their diet?
- A. The blood
- B. Caffeine
- C. Saturated fat
- D. Refined sugar
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Caffeine is thought to exacerbate fibrocystic breast symptoms in some women by stimulating breast tissue, and reducing intake may provide symptom relief, though evidence is not definitive.
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The female client has a mother who died from ovarian cancer and a sister diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Which recommendations should the nurse make regarding early detection of ovarian cancer?
- A. The client should consider having a prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy.
- B. The client should have a transvaginal ultrasound and a CA-125 laboratory test every six (6) months.
- C. The client should have yearly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
- D. The client should have a biannual gynecological examination with flexible sigmoidoscopy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High familial risk warrants transvaginal ultrasound and CA-125 every 6 months for early detection. Prophylactic oophorectomy is a personal choice, MRI is not standard, and sigmoidoscopy is unrelated.
Which laboratory test should the nurse expect for the client to rule out the diagnosis of syphilis?
- A. Vaginal cultures.
- B. Rapid plasma reagin card test (RPR-CT).
- C. Gram-stained specimen of the urethral meatus.
- D. Immunological assay.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: RPR-CT is a standard screening test for syphilis, detecting antibodies. Vaginal cultures, Gram stains, and immunological assays are not specific for syphilis.
Which health practice is most appropriate for the nurse to teach this client?
- A. Take showers rather than tub baths if possible.
- B. Wipe away from the vagina after a bowel movement.
- C. The client's sexual experience with members of both sexes
- D. Avoid having sexual intercourse more than once a week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wiping away from the vagina prevents fecal bacteria from entering the vaginal area, reducing the risk of infections like candidiasis.
The nurse writes a client problem of 'anxiety related to potential sexual dysfunction' for a client diagnosed with cancer of the prostate. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Tell the client to discuss his fears with the HCP.
- B. Talk to the wife about the client’s concerns.
- C. Inform the client sexual functioning will not be altered.
- D. Provide a private area for the client to discuss his concerns.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A private area facilitates open discussion of sexual dysfunction fears, reducing anxiety. HCP referral, spousal discussion, or false reassurance are less therapeutic.
Which steps should the nurse provide clients who choose to perform breast self-examination (BSE) according to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines? Rank in order of performance.
- A. Lie flat on the bed with a rolled towel placed under the scapula; perform palpation of each breast.
- B. Pinch each nipple to see if fluid can be expressed.
- C. With the breasts exposed, stand in front of a mirror and examine the breasts from front and each side.
- D. In the shower, soap the breasts, and perform palpation in a systematic manner on each breast.
- E. Find a private place where the self-examination can be performed.
Correct Answer: E,C,A,D,B
Rationale: ACS BSE steps: 1) Find a private place; 2) Visually inspect in mirror (front/sides); 3) Palpate lying down with towel; 4) Palpate in shower; 5) Check nipples for discharge.