Nokea
Alveolar type of rhabdomyosarcoma accounts for approximately 1/3 of all cases of pediatric RMS and carries the poorest prognosis. Of the following, the MOST common site of involvement by alveolar type RMS is
- A. orbit
- B. middle ear
- C. extremities
- D. bladder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extremities are the most common site for alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.
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For a patient with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, the purpose of esophageal pH monitoring is to evaluate for:
- A. esophagitis from the reflux.
- B. frequency of the reflux.
- C. gastric emptying delays.
- D. possible obstructions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Esophageal pH monitoring measures the frequency and duration of acid exposure in the esophagus, helping diagnose GERD.
The child who walks backward, scribbles, and uses spoon and fork has achieved the developmental age of
- A. 9 mo
- B. 12 mo
- C. 15 mo
- D. 18 mo
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These milestones are typically achieved around 18 months of age.
Baby Ellie is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER); which of the following nursing diagnoses would be inappropriate?
- A. Risk for aspiration
- B. Impaired oral mucous membrane
- C. Deficient fluid volume
- D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) primarily involves issues with the digestive system, such as regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus. Impaired oral mucous membrane is not directly related to GER. The other nursing diagnoses are more relevant and applicable in a case of GER:
The nurse is testing an infant's visual acuity. By what age should the infant be able to fix on and follow a target?
- A. 1 month
- B. 1 to 2 months
- C. 3 to 4 months
- D. 6 months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By 6 months of age, infants should be able to fix on and follow a target with their eyes. This behavior is indicative of normal visual development in infants. It typically signifies that the infant's visual acuity is developing as expected. Therefore, by the age of 6 months, most infants should demonstrate the ability to focus on and track objects within their field of vision.
Nurse Norma's discharge teaching for Mr. Aurelio, diagnosed with heart failure, should stress the significance of:
- A. maintaining a sedentary lifestyle most of the day
- B. obtain daily weights at the same time
- C. walking 2 miles daily
- D. maintaining a high fiber die
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurse Norma's discharge teaching for Mr. Aurelio, diagnosed with heart failure, should stress the significance of obtaining daily weights at the same time. Daily weights help monitor fluid retention, a key indicator of worsening heart failure. Sudden weight gain may signal fluid buildup in the body, while weight loss may indicate dehydration or treatment effectiveness. By obtaining daily weights at the same time each day, Mr. Aurelio can track changes and provide valuable information for his healthcare team to adjust his treatment plan accordingly. This practice is crucial in managing heart failure and preventing exacerbations.