An 18-year-old high school senior wishes to obtain birth control through her parents' insurance but doesn't want this information disclosed. The nurse tells the client that under the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) parents:
- A. Have the right to review a minor's medical records until high school graduation.
- B. Have the right to review a minor's medical record if they are responsible for the payment.
- C. May not view the medical record, but may learn of the visit through the insurance bill.
- D. May not view the minor's medical record or the insurance bill.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HIPAA protects the minor's privacy, but insurance billing may disclose the visit.
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Which of the following, if described by the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF), indicates that the parents understand the underlying problem of the disease?
- A. An abnormality in the body's mucus-secreting glands.
- B. Formation of fibrous cysts in various body organs.
- C. Failure of the pancreatic ducts to develop properly.
- D. Addition to the formation of antibodies against streptococcus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is caused by an abnormality in mucus-secreting glands, leading to thick mucus that affects multiple organs, particularly the lungs and pancreas.
Which development is necessary for toilet training readiness for a 2-year-old? Select all that apply.
- A. Adequate neuromuscular development for sphincter control.
- B. Appropriate chronological age.
- C. Ability to communicate the need to use the toilet.
- D. Desire to please the parents.
- E. Ability to play with other 2-year-olds.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Neuromuscular control, communication, and motivation are key for toilet training readiness.
After talking with the parents of a child with Down syndrome, the nurse should help the parents establish which goal?
- A. Encouraging self-care skills in the child.
- B. Teaching the child something new each day.
- C. Encouraging more lenient behavior limits for the child.
- D. Achieving age-appropriate social skills.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Promoting self-care skills enhances independence and aligns with developmental goals for children with Down syndrome.
A child with a nut allergy is admitted with a severe reaction for the third time in three months. The parent says, 'I am having trouble with the food labels.' The nurse should first:
- A. Assess the parent's ability to read.
- B. Refer the client to the dietician.
- C. Notify the primary care provider.
- D. Obtain a social service consult.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dietician can provide expert guidance on reading labels to avoid allergens. Reading assessment, provider notification, or social services may follow but are not the priority.
A 4-week-old infant admitted with the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis presents with a history of vomiting. The nurse should anticipate that the infant's vomitus would contain gastric contents and which of the following?
- A. Bile and streaks of blood.
- B. Mucus and bile.
- C. Mucus and streaks of blood.
- D. Stool and bile.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis causes vomiting of gastric contents, mucus, and sometimes blood due to irritation, but not bile.
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