Nokea
An 18-year-old pregnant female has tested positive for HIV and asks the nurse if her baby is going to be born with HIV. What is the nurses best response?
- A. There is no way to know that for certain, but we do know that your baby has a one in four chance of being born with HIV.
- B. Your physician is likely the best one to ask that question.
- C. If the baby is HIV positive there is nothing that can be done until it is born, so try your best not to worry about it now.
- D. Its possible that your baby could contract HIV, either before, during, or after delivery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 is possible and may occur in utero, at the time of delivery, or through breast-feeding. There is no evidence that the infants risk is 25%. Deferral to the physician is not a substitute for responding appropriately to the patients concern. Downplaying the patients concerns is inappropriate.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is planning the care of a patient with AIDS who is admitted to the unit with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this patient?
- A. Ineffective Airway Clearance
- B. Impaired Oral Mucous Membranes
- C. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements
- D. Activity Intolerance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although all these nursing diagnoses are appropriate for a patient with AIDS, Ineffective Airway Clearance is the priority nursing diagnosis for the patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Airway and breathing take top priority over the other listed concerns.
A patient who has AIDS is being treated for Kaposis sarcoma. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse associate with this complication of AIDS?
- A. Risk for Disuse Syndrome Related to Kaposis Sarcoma
- B. Impaired Skin Integrity Related to Kaposis Sarcoma
- C. Diarrhea Related to Kaposis Sarcoma
- D. Impaired Swallowing Related to Kaposis Sarcoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kaposis sarcoma (KS) is a disease that involves the endothelial layer of blood and lymphatic vessels. This malignancy does not directly affect swallowing or bowel motility and it does not constitute a risk for disuse syndrome.
A patients primary infection with HIV has subsided and an equilibrium now exists between HIV levels and the patients immune response. This physiologic state is known as which of the following?
- A. Static stage
- B. Latent stage
- C. Viral set point
- D. Window period
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The remaining amount of virus in the body after primary infection is referred to as the viral set point, which results in a steady state of infection that lasts for years. This is not known as the static or latent stage. The window period is the time a person infected with HIV tests negative even though he or she is infected.
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with AIDS. The nurse has assessed that the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of what complication?
- A. HIV encephalopathy
- B. B-cell lymphoma
- C. Kaposis sarcoma
- D. Wasting syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HIV encephalopathy is a clinical syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The other listed complications do not normally have cognitive and behavioral manifestations.
A patient with HIV will be receiving care in the home setting. What aspect of self-care should the nurse emphasize during discharge education?
- A. Appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics
- B. Importance of personal hygiene
- C. Signs and symptoms of wasting syndrome
- D. Strategies for adjusting antiretroviral dosages
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infection control is of high importance in patients living with HIV, thus personal hygiene is paramount. This is a more important topic than signs and symptoms of one specific complication (wasting syndrome). Drug dosages should never be independently adjusted. Prophylactic antibiotics are not normally prescribed unless the patients CD4 count is below 50.