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An 80-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her daughter, who says her mother has refused to eat for 6 days. The mother says she stays in her room all of the time because the family is mean to her when she eats or watches TV with them. She says her daughter brings her only one meal a day and that meal is cold leftovers from the family’s meals days before.
- A. Neglect
- B. Emotional abuse
- C. Weight loss
- D. Decreased muscle mass
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The scenario describes neglect (insufficient food provision) and emotional abuse (isolation due to perceived meanness).
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Following a cocaine high, the user commonly experiences an extremely unpleasant feeling called:
- A. Craving.
- B. Crashing.
- C. Outward bound.
- D. Nodding out.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crashing refers to the intense fatigue and depression following cocaine use.
What is the primary goal of treating diabetic retinopathy?
- A. Prevent vision loss
- B. Restore lost vision
- C. Improve color vision
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Early treatment aims to prevent further vision loss in diabetic retinopathy.
Tom is diagnosed with an aortic aneurysm. He asks why this did not show up on his annual physical examination. You respond by saying
- A. It did show and your physician did not want to alarm you.
- B. You probably do not remember that your physician told you about your condition.
- C. Aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic.
- D. Aortic aneurysms are always symptomatic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aortic aneurysms often do not present symptoms until they become large or rupture.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is being taught by a nurse about ways to facilitate eating. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will rest for at least 30 minutes before eating.
- B. I will take my bronchodilators after meals.
- C. I will eat five or six small meals each day.
- D. I will choose foods that are not gas-forming.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will take my bronchodilators after meals." Taking bronchodilators after meals can decrease their effectiveness due to delayed absorption. Step 1: Bronchodilators should be taken before meals to open airways for better breathing. Step 2: Resting before meals (A) can reduce shortness of breath. Eating small meals (C) can prevent overeating and aid digestion. Choosing non-gas forming foods (D) can reduce bloating.
Which task is most appropriate for an LPN/LVN?
- A. Assess immediate emotional state and physical injuries
- B. Collect hair samples, saliva swabs, and scrapings beneath fingernails
- C. Provide emotional support and supportive communication
- D. Ensure that the 'chain of custody' is maintained
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing emotional support is within the scope of an LPN/LVN and does not involve complex legal procedures.