Nokea
An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C), chest pain, and fatigue. Which term describes the infected fluid that the health care provider removes from the pleural cavity?
- A. Emboli
- B. Emphysema
- C. Sputum
- D. Empyema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: If the fluid between the lung and the membrane lining the pleural cavity becomes infected, it is called empyema.
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In which part of the pharynx is the superior portion of the pharynx located?
- A. Nasopharynx
- B. Posteriopharynx
- C. Oropharynx
- D. Laryngopharynx
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The superior portion of the distal end of the pharynx is the nasopharynx.
In which way do leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma?
- A. By drying up mucus
- B. By causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammation effects
- C. By suppressing cough
- D. By liquefying mucus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma by causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory processes.
In which way is inspiratory capacity defined?
- A. The amount of air in the lung after a maximal inhalation
- B. The amount of air moved with each normal inhalation and expiration
- C. The amount of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level
- D. The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after maximum inhalation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inspiratory capacity is the volume of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level.
The patient has advanced emphysema and reports experiencing dyspnea and fatigue. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for the patient who is having difficulty with activity tolerance?
- A. Direct patient in vigorous independent ROM.
- B. Allow to exercise until respirations are over 20 breaths/min over baseline.
- C. Plan care to provide optimum rest.
- D. Provide frequent cool showers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing interventions will be directed at attempting to decrease the patient's anxiety and promote optimal air exchange. The nurse should allow sufficient rest periods and should assist the patient in activities of daily living.
A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement. The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum. Which action should be the nurse's initial intervention?
- A. Report signs to the charge nurse.
- B. Elevate head of bed and administer oxygen.
- C. Prevent patient from excessive coughing.
- D. Increase IV flow rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a pulmonary embolus is suspected, the head of the bed should be elevated to facilitate respiration and oxygen is administered. The charge nurse and the health care provider should be notified, but only after the patient is positioned and oxygenated.