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An adult client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks a nurse to explain how he developed the condition. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Your body will continue producing too much insulin without medicine to counteract it.
- B. Your body doesn't process glucose well.
- C. Your body's hemoglobin is not binding to the sugar you consume.
- D. Your body's immune system has destroyed cells in your pancreas.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance, where the body cannot process glucose effectively, leading to elevated blood glucose levels.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client about following a low-purine diet to manage gout. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
- A. I'll drink white wine, not red.
- B. I'll limit the number of fruit servings I eat each day.
- C. I'll choose red meat instead of poultry.
- D. I'll eliminate liver from my diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Organ meats like liver are high in purines and should be eliminated to manage gout effectively, as purines increase uric acid levels.
A nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions with a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following diets should the nurse reinforce in the teaching plan?
- A. A high protein diet.
- B. A high fiber diet.
- C. A low sodium diet.
- D. A low fat diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low fat diet is recommended for clients with biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis as it reduces the workload on the gallbladder and decreases the risk of gallstone formation.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus. Which of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
- A. Client reports feeling depressed.
- B. Joint pain in hands and knees.
- C. Dry, raised rash on the face.
- D. Presence of peripheral edema.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peripheral edema is the highest priority as it may indicate kidney involvement, a serious SLE complication requiring immediate attention.
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 275 mcg PO to a client. The amount available is levothyroxine 137 mcg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
- A. 2 tablets
- B. 1 tablet
- C. 3 tablets
- D. 4 tablets
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 275 mcg ÷ 137 mcg/tablet = 2.007 tablets, rounded to 2 tablets.
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride IV infusion 1000 mL bag at a rate of 200 mL/hr for a client who has rhabdomyolysis. The nurse should expect the IV pump to infuse over how many hours? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. (Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero))
- A. 5 hours
- B. 4 hours
- C. 6 hours
- D. 7 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1000 mL ÷ 200 mL/hr = 5 hours. The infusion will take 5 hours.