Nokea
An adult client who has peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities was observed smoking in the waiting area. What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make regarding the client's smoking?
- A. Smoking is not allowed for patients with blood diseases.'
- B. Smoking causes the blood vessels in your legs to constrict and reduces the blood supply.'
- C. Smoking increases your blood pressure and strains your heart.'
- D. Smoking causes your body to be under greater stress.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking causes vasoconstriction, worsening blood flow in peripheral vascular disease, which directly impacts the condition. Other responses are less specific to the client’s diagnosis.
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The nurse is caring for a client who goes into ventricular tachycardia. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Call a code immediately.
- B. Assess the client for a pulse.
- C. Begin chest compressions.
- D. Continue to monitor the client.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventricular tachycardia requires assessing for a pulse (B) to determine if it’s pulseless (needing CPR, C) or stable (medication). Calling a code (A) or monitoring (D) depends on pulse status.
If the client's pain is due to a myocardial infarction (MI), which prescribed medication would be most helpful?
- A. A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug such as ibuprofen (Advil)
- B. A nonsalicylate such as acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- C. A salicylate such as aspirin
- D. An opioid such as morphine sulfate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin is critical in MI to inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent further thrombus formation.
The nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) and angina. Which concept is priority?
- A. Sleep, rest, activity.
- B. Comfort.
- C. Oxygenation.
- D. Perfusion.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CAD and angina impair perfusion (D), the priority concept, as ischemia causes symptoms. Sleep/rest (A), comfort (B), and oxygenation (C) are secondary.
The nurse knows that the client understands how to determine when the nitroglycerin tablets need replacing when the client makes which statement?
- A. The tablets will be discovered.
- B. The tablets will be discolored.
- C. They won't tingle in my mouth.
- D. They will disintegrate when I touch them.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh nitroglycerin tablets cause a tingling sensation under the tongue; loss of this sensation indicates loss of potency.
An adult has a coagulation time of 20 minutes. The nurse should observe the client for which of the following?
- A. Blood clots
- B. Ecchymotic areas
- C. Jaundice
- D. Infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal clotting time is 9 to 12 minutes. A prolonged clotting time suggests a bleeding tendency, so the client should be observed for signs of bleeding, such as ecchymotic areas. Blood clots would occur with a shorter clotting time. Jaundice is related to liver damage or red blood cell breakdown. Infection is associated with low white blood cell counts.