Nokea
An adult had a total thyroidectomy. Which statement by the client demonstrates to the nurse an adequate understanding of long term care?
- A. "I will need to take replacement hormones for the rest of my life."
- B. " I should try to avoud stress and be alert for signs of recurrent hyperthyroidism."
- C. "Thank goodness, this is over! I will never have to worry about throid problems again."
- D. " I should increase my caloric intake to replace what I lost during the surgery."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An adult who had a total thyroidectomy will no longer be able to produce thyroid hormones naturally. Therefore, the client will need to take replacement hormones for the rest of their life to maintain normal bodily functions and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism. This statement demonstrates an adequate understanding of the long-term care needed after a total thyroidectomy. The other options do not accurately reflect the necessary long-term care for someone who has undergone a total thyroidectomy.
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Wilma was shocked to see that the Tracheostomy was dislodged. Both the inner and outer cannulas was removed and left hanging on James' neck. What are the 2 equipment's at james' bedside that could help Wilma deal with this situation?
- A. New set of tracheostomy tubes and Oxygen tank
- B. Theophylline and Epinephrine
- C. Obturator and Kelly clamp
- D. Sterile saline dressing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the situation described, the best equipment at James' bedside to address the dislodged tracheostomy and the removal of both the inner and outer cannulas would be a new set of tracheostomy tubes and an oxygen tank.
In embryonic period, formation of all of the following occur by the given time EXCEPT
- A. 8 days - blastocyst formation
- B. 6 weeks - ectoderm formation
- C. 8 weeks - crown-rump length about 3 cm
- D. 10 weeks - endoderm formation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Endoderm formation occurs much earlier than 10 weeks in the embryonic period.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is about to begin aspirin therapy to reduce inflammation. When teaching the client about aspirin, the nurse discusses adverse reactions to prolonged aspirin therapy. These include:
- A. Weight gain
- B. Respiratory acidosis
- C. Fine motor tremors
- D. Bilateral hearing loss
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prolonged aspirin therapy can lead to a rare side effect known as aspirin-induced hearing loss, which manifests as bilateral hearing loss. This adverse reaction is typically associated with higher doses of aspirin and longer durations of use. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor for signs of hearing loss in patients receiving long-term aspirin therapy, especially those with rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory conditions, to prevent irreversible damage to the hearing. Weight gain, respiratory acidosis, and fine motor tremors are not commonly associated with prolonged aspirin therapy.
The following. items are transported in blood plasma, EXCEPT:
- A. Oxygen
- B. Carbon dioxide
- C. Nutrients
- D. Hormones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen is not transported in blood plasma. Instead, it is transported bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells. Carbon dioxide, nutrients, and hormones are examples of substances that are transported in blood plasma. Oxygen binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cells as they pass through the lungs, while carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs and expelled from the body through the respiratory system. Nutrients like glucose and amino acids are carried in the blood plasma to be delivered to various tissues for energy production and cellular processes. Hormones are chemical messengers that are released into the bloodstream by endocrine glands to regulate numerous physiological functions throughout the body.
After a 3- month trail of dietary therapy, a client with type2 diabetes mellitus still has blood glucose levels above 180 mg/dl. The physician adds glyburide (DiaBeta), 2.5 mg P.O. daily, to the treatment regimen. The nurse should instruct the client to take glyburide:
- A. 30 minutes before breakfast
- B. 30 minutes after dinner.
- C. in the midmorning
- D. at bedtime.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glyburide (DiaBeta) is a sulfonylurea medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin. Taking glyburide at bedtime is recommended because it helps to ensure that the medication's peak action aligns with the natural rise in blood glucose levels in the early morning hours, which can help control fasting blood glucose levels. Additionally, taking glyburide in the evening reduces the risk of hypoglycemia during the day when the client may be more active and less likely to monitor blood glucose levels closely.