Nokea
An adult is being treated with isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin for active tuberculosis. Which of the following symptoms would suggest a toxic effect of INH?
- A. Paroxysmal tachycardia
- B. Erythema multiforme
- C. Peripheral neuritis
- D. Tinnitus and deafness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral neuritis is a known toxic effect of isoniazid due to its interference with vitamin B6 metabolism.
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When caring for a client with allergies, which nursing assessment finding is an early indication that the client is developing anaphylaxis?
- A. Breathing difficulty
- B. Headache
- C. Sore throat
- D. Cool, pale skin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breathing difficulty is an early sign of anaphylaxis, indicating airway constriction or swelling, which requires immediate intervention.
The client diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia is admitted to the medical unit. Which health-care provider order should the nurse implement first?
- A. Start IV with 1,000 mL 0.9% saline.
- B. Ceftriaxone 1 gm IVPB every 12 hours.
- C. Obtain sputum and blood cultures.
- D. CBC and basic metabolic panel.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sputum/blood cultures (C) must be obtained before antibiotics to identify pathogens, a priority. IV fluids (A), antibiotics (B), and labs (D) follow.
As the nurse you know that one of the reasons for an increase in multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis is:
- A. Incorrect medication ordered
- B. Increase in tuberculosis cases nationwide
- C. Incorrect route of drug ordered
- D. Noncompliance due to duration of medication treatment needed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Noncompliance with TB treatment, often due to the long duration (6-9 months or more), is a major cause of multi-drug-resistant TB, as incomplete treatment allows bacteria to develop resistance.
When the client asks why the physician prescribed this particular cough medicine, the nurse correctly responds that the guaifenesin liquefies mucus while the codeine is responsible for which action?
- A. Relieving discomfort
- B. Dilating the bronchi
- C. Suppressing coughing
- D. Reducing inflammation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Codeine in cough syrup acts as an antitussive, suppressing the cough reflex to reduce coughing episodes.
The nurse is assessing a patient, who has many risk factors for the development of a DVT, for signs and symptoms of a deep vein thrombosis. What signs and symptoms below would possibly indicate a deep vein thrombosis is present?
- A. Cool extremity
- B. Decreases pulses
- C. Redness
- D. Pain
- E. Warm extremity
- F. Swelling
- G. Cyanosis
Correct Answer: C,D,E,F
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of a DVT include: redness, swelling, warm extremity, pain, positive Homan's Sign, and swelling (which can be unilateral...meaning there is more swelling in one extremity compared to the other).