Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions

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An adult is to receive an IM injection of Morphine for post op pain. Which of the following is necessary for the nurse to assess prior to giving a narcotic analgesic?

  • A. The client's level of alertness and respiratory rate
  • B. The last time the client ate or drank something
  • C. The client's bowel habits and last bowel movement
  • D. The client's history of addictions
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When administering a narcotic analgesic like Morphine, assessing the client's level of alertness and respiratory rate is crucial to monitor for any adverse effects such as respiratory depression. Morphine can cause respiratory depression as one of its side effects, especially in higher doses. By assessing the client's respiratory rate and level of alertness before administering the medication, the nurse can ensure the client's safety and take appropriate action if any signs of respiratory depression occur. This assessment is essential in preventing potential complications and ensuring the client's well-being during pain management.

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Which of the following malignancies is least likely to occur in a 10-month-old infant?

  • A. neuroblastoma
  • B. nephroblastoma
  • C. retinoblastoma
  • D. hepatoblastoma
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is rare in infants under 1 year old, being more common in toddlers.

A nurse is assessing a preterm newborn. Which assessment findings are consistent with prematurity? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Abundant lanugo over the body
  • B. Ear cartilage soft and pliable
  • C. Flexed body posture
  • D. Deep creases on the sole of the foot
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Abundant lanugo over the body: Premature newborns often have abundant lanugo, which is fine, soft hair covering their bodies. This is a common characteristic of prematurity as the baby has not had enough time to shed this hair before birth.

The MOST likely cause of a 4-year-old boy refusing to go to bed and remaining active is

  • A. thyrotoxicosis
  • B. ADHD
  • C. behavioral insomnia of childhood
  • D. sleep-onset association disorder
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Behavioral insomnia involves resistance to bedtime routines.

The nurse is instructing a premenopausal woman about breast self-examination. The nurse should tell the client to do her self-examination:

  • A. at the end of her menstrual cycle
  • B. on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle
  • C. on the same day each month
  • D. immediately after her menstrual period
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should advise the premenopausal woman to perform her breast self-examination on the same day each month. Regular monthly self-examination helps the woman become familiar with the normal texture and appearance of her breasts, making it easier to detect any changes or abnormalities that may indicate a problem. Performing the examination on the same day each month helps ensure consistency in timing and facilitates the woman to establish a routine for self-examination. This consistent approach increases the likelihood of detecting any changes early, which is crucial for timely medical evaluation and intervention if needed.

A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of renal failure. He also mentions that he has stomach distress and ha ingested numerous antacid tablets over the past 2 days. His blood pressure is 110/70, his face is flushed, and he is experiencing generalized weakness. Choose the most likely magnesium (Mg ) value.

  • A. 11mEq/L
  • B. 2mEq/L
  • C. 5mEq/L
  • D. 1mEq/L
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's presentation suggests that he may be suffering from hypermagnesemia (high magnesium levels) due to excessive ingestion of antacid tablets. Symptoms of hypermagnesemia can include flushing, weakness, and low blood pressure. A serum magnesium level of 11mEq/L is consistent with hypermagnesemia. In this scenario, the other values (2mEq/L, 5mEq/L, 1mEq/L) are unlikely to be the correct magnesium level based on the patient's symptoms and history of antacid ingestion.

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