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An adult patient at an outpatient clinic has been prescribed the antibiotic tetracycline HCI. What should the nurse include in the patient’s teaching plan?
- A. Consume with milk or antacids to prevent gastrointestinal irritation.
- B. Protect your skin from sunlight while on this medication.
- C. Enhance gastrointestinal absorption by taking with orange juice.
- D. Return to the clinic weekly for serum drug level checks.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetracycline causes photosensitivity, increasing sunburn risk, so sun protection (B) is essential. Milk/antacids (A) reduce absorption by chelating tetracycline. Orange juice (C) contains calcium, impairing absorption. Weekly drug level checks (D) are not required for tetracycline.
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A client with type I diabetes mellitus has been prescribed a glucagon emergency kit for home use. When should the nurse instruct the client and family to administer glucagon?
- A. Prior to meals to prevent hyperglycemia.
- B. When symptoms of severe hypoglycemia are present.
- C. When the client is unable to eat during sick days.
- D. At the onset of symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question is identical to Question 25. Glucagon is for severe hypoglycemia (B), not hyperglycemia (A), sick days (C), or ketoacidosis (D). Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective?
- A. Serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L)
- B. Hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L).
- C. Serum glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L)
- D. Serum ammonia level of 30 Mcg/dL (17.62 Mermol/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate treats hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (A) indicates effectiveness (normal range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L). Hemoglobin (B), glucose (C), and ammonia (D) are unrelated to its action.
A client taking atorvastatin has an increased serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) level. What should the nurse assess the client for?
- A. Excessive bruising.
- B. Peripheral edema.
- C. Muscle tenderness.
- D. Nausea and vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated CK with atorvastatin indicates possible myopathy, causing muscle tenderness (C). Bruising (A) is unrelated to CK. Edema (B) suggests other causes. Nausea/vomiting (D) are gastrointestinal side effects, not linked to CK.
An adult patient at an outpatient clinic has been prescribed the antibiotic tetracycline HCl. What instructions should the nurse include in the patient’s teaching plan?
- A. Consume with milk or antacids to prevent gastrointestinal irritation.
- B. Protect your skin from sunlight while on this medication.
- C. Enhance gastrointestinal absorption by taking with orange juice.
- D. Return to the clinic weekly for serum drug level checks.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question is identical to Question 9. Tetracycline increases photosensitivity, requiring sun protection (B). Milk/antacids (A) and orange juice (C) impair absorption. Weekly drug checks (D) are unnecessary. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.
A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which assessment provides the nurse with the best information to evaluate the patient’s therapeutic response to the drug?
- A. Stool color and character.
- B. Fingerstick glucose.
- C. Serum electrolytes and ammonia.
- D. Serum hepatic enzymes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lactulose reduces ammonia in hepatic encephalopathy by promoting its excretion. Monitoring serum ammonia and electrolytes (C) evaluates efficacy. Stool changes (A) are expected but not specific. Glucose (B) is unrelated. Hepatic enzymes (D) assess liver damage, not lactulose response.