Nokea
An Arab student new to an elementary school reports, 'I just don't want to go to gym class.' Which factor would be of primary concern for a school nurse?
- A. The student's family's cultural beliefs regarding females interacting with males in public
- B. Complaints from others of 'bullying' that occurs in gym class
- C. The student's problems adjusting to the new school environment
- D. A teacher's concern that the gym class is overcrowded
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the primary concern for the school nurse would be addressing any potential bullying the Arab student is experiencing in gym class. This is important for the student's well-being and mental health. Choice A is not the primary concern as it does not directly address the student's reluctance to attend gym class. Choice C focuses on general adjustment issues, while choice D pertains to a logistical issue rather than the student's emotional or social well-being. Addressing bullying is crucial to creating a safe and inclusive environment for the student.
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The wife of a client diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks, 'I've been told that my husband's illness is probably related to imbalanced brain chemicals. Can you be more specific?' The response based on the dopamine hypothesis is:
- A. An increase in the brain chemical dopamine explains the presence of delusions and hallucinations.'
- B. An increase in the brain chemical dopamine explains the presence of lack of motivation and disordered affect.'
- C. Decreased amounts of the brain chemical dopamine explain the presence of delusions and hallucinations.'
- D. Breakdown of dopamine produces LSD, which in large amounts produces psychosis.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-By-Step Rationale:
1. The dopamine hypothesis states that an increase in dopamine is linked to delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia.
2. Delusions and hallucinations are common positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
3. Therefore, choice A is correct as it directly aligns with the dopamine hypothesis and the symptoms observed in paranoid schizophrenia.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B. Incorrect because an increase in dopamine is not typically associated with lack of motivation and disordered affect in schizophrenia.
C. Incorrect because decreased amounts of dopamine are not linked to delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia.
D. Incorrect because the breakdown of dopamine producing LSD and causing psychosis is not supported by the dopamine hypothesis in schizophrenia.
Which complication should a nurse monitor for when treating a patient with bulimia nervosa who is experiencing frequent vomiting?
- A. Hypokalemia and dental enamel erosion.
- B. Hyperkalemia and elevated blood pressure.
- C. Severe dehydration and low blood sugar.
- D. Hypercalcemia and weight gain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypokalemia and dental enamel erosion.
1. Bulimia nervosa involves frequent vomiting, leading to loss of potassium (hypokalemia) due to electrolyte imbalance.
2. Vomiting also damages tooth enamel, causing dental erosion.
3. Hyperkalemia and elevated blood pressure (choice B) are not typically associated with bulimia.
4. Severe dehydration and low blood sugar (choice C) are possible but not the primary concerns.
5. Hypercalcemia and weight gain (choice D) are not common complications of bulimia.
Older adults have reached Erikson's developmental stage of ego integrity when they:
- A. acknowledge that one cannot get everything one wants in life
- B. assess their lives and identify actions that had value and purpose
- C. express a wish that life could be relived differently
- D. feel that they are being punished for things they did not do
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ego integrity involves reflecting on life with acceptance and finding meaning, per Erikson's theory.
Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who has been purging?
- A. Ensure the patient has access to therapy and counseling.
- B. Assess and monitor the patient's electrolyte levels.
- C. Encourage the patient to maintain a balanced diet.
- D. Provide education about the dangers of eating disorders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess and monitor the patient's electrolyte levels. This is the priority intervention because purging in bulimia nervosa can lead to electrolyte imbalances, which can be life-threatening. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias or organ damage.
A: Ensuring access to therapy and counseling is important but not the priority in this case where immediate medical attention is needed for potential electrolyte imbalances.
C: Encouraging a balanced diet is essential in the long term but not the immediate priority when dealing with the potential medical complications of purging.
D: Providing education about dangers is important, but it is not the most critical intervention at this moment compared to monitoring electrolyte levels.
A victim of rape says, "My family is not very supportive."Â Which belief contributes to a negative family response?
- A. No one asks to be raped.
- B. Rape is an act of aggression.
- C. Rape should not be discussed.
- D. Anyone is a potential rape victim.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rape should not be discussed. This belief contributes to a negative family response because it promotes silence and stigma around the topic of rape, leading to lack of support and understanding for the victim. By not discussing rape, the victim may feel isolated, ashamed, and unable to seek help or share their experience. Choices A and B are incorrect as they acknowledge the victim's innocence and the violent nature of rape. Choice D is incorrect as it recognizes the reality that anyone can be a victim, but it does not directly address the issue of discussing rape within the family.