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An aspect of computer use in patient care in which the LPN may need to be proficient includes:
- A. input of data such as requests for radiographs or laboratory services.
- B. programming the computer to record data from primary care provider and other health care workers.
- C. educating patients how to use hospital computers to access information such as discharge instructions or information relative to specific medications.
- D. scheduling admissions, discharges, and nurse staffing to keep the unit at the best occupancy and utilization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because LPNs are often responsible for inputting patient data such as requests for radiographs or lab services into the computer system. This task requires proficiency in navigating electronic health records to accurately document patient information. Option B is incorrect as LPNs typically do not program computers but rather use pre-existing systems. Option C is incorrect because educating patients on computer use is usually the responsibility of other healthcare professionals. Option D is also incorrect as scheduling admissions and nurse staffing is typically managed by unit coordinators or nurse managers, not LPNs. In summary, the LPN's role in computer use for patient care primarily involves inputting data accurately and efficiently.
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To convey the intervention of active listening, the nurse would:
- A. maintain eye contact by staring at the patient.
- B. prompt the patient when the patient stops talking for a moment.
- C. make a conscious effort to block out other sounds in the immediate environment.
- D. write down remarks on a clipboard to facilitate later topics of conversation. An active listener maintains eye contact without staring, gives the patient full attention, and makes a conscious effort to block out other sounds and distractions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because active listening involves making a conscious effort to block out other sounds in the immediate environment, demonstrating full focus on the speaker. This allows the nurse to truly understand the patient's perspective and feelings. Maintaining eye contact (A) is important but staring can be intimidating. Prompting the patient (B) may disrupt their train of thought. Writing down remarks (D) can be perceived as disengagement. In summary, active listening requires focused attention and empathy, which choice C exemplifies.
Mr. L (tracheostomy and partial laryngectomy) needs to receive a dose of IV chemotherapy during the shift. What is the most important action to take to prevent extravasation?
- A. Carefully monitor the access site during the administration of the medication.
- B. Hold the medication until an implanted port or central line is established.
- C. Ensure that a chemotherapy-certified nurse is assigned to care for the client.
- D. Call the pharmacy to find out if the prescribed medication has vesicant properties.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer, A:
1. Monitoring the access site during administration allows for early detection of extravasation.
2. Early detection can prevent serious tissue damage and complications.
3. As Mr. L has a tracheostomy and partial laryngectomy, his airway is compromised, making prevention of extravasation crucial.
4. This action is within the nurse's scope of practice and promotes patient safety.
Summary:
- Choice B is incorrect as delaying treatment can impact Mr. L's health.
- Choice C is not directly related to preventing extravasation.
- Choice D, though important, does not directly address preventing extravasation during administration.
The nursing supervisor instructs a group of novice nurses about the appropriate use of self-disclosure with patients. The nursing supervisor determines that teaching was successful if the novice nurse makes which statement?
- A. "Self-disclosure provides an opportunity for the patient to understand the nurse."
- B. "It is better to disclose stories about others to maintain professional boundaries."
- C. "Self-disclosure may be used to build a trusting relationship with the patient."
- D. "A fabricated personal experience can be shared if the patient remains the main focus."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Self-disclosure can be used to build a trusting relationship with the patient. This is because sharing personal information appropriately can help create a connection and foster trust between the nurse and the patient. By being open and genuine, nurses can demonstrate empathy and understanding, leading to better communication and rapport.
Choice A is incorrect because while self-disclosure can help the patient understand the nurse, the primary goal is to build a therapeutic relationship. Choice B is incorrect because disclosing stories about others does not promote genuine connection and may not be relevant to the patient's care. Choice D is incorrect because fabricating personal experiences goes against the principles of honesty and authenticity in therapeutic communication.
A nurse preceptor is assigned to help several graduate nurses assess their ability to convey warmth to patients. Which activity, if selected by the nurse preceptor, is best?
- A. Set up sessions for the graduate nurses to practice various nonverbal gestures.
- B. Ask the graduate nurses to record the behaviors of experienced nurses on the unit.
- C. Provide the graduate nurses with a list of nonverbal behaviors that convey warmth.
- D. Have the graduate nurses evaluate each other during simulated patient interviews.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because setting up sessions for the graduate nurses to practice various nonverbal gestures allows for active skill development. By practicing these gestures, they can receive immediate feedback from the preceptor and improve their ability to convey warmth effectively.
Choice B is incorrect because simply observing behaviors of experienced nurses may not actively engage the graduate nurses in practicing and developing their own skills.
Choice C is incorrect because providing a list of nonverbal behaviors may not be as effective as hands-on practice in improving the graduate nurses' ability to convey warmth.
Choice D is incorrect because having the graduate nurses evaluate each other during simulated interviews may not provide structured guidance and feedback from the preceptor to help them improve their nonverbal communication skills effectively.
The nurse discusses smoking cessation with a client. Which action, if taken by the nurse, would most likely result in a behavior change?
- A. The nurse should advise the client to contact the national telephone quitline.
- B. The nurse should recommend nicotine replacement and behavioral interventions.
- C. The nurse should collaborate with the client to develop an individualized plan of action.
- D. The nurse should implement a strategy that has been validated by research.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The nurse should collaborate with the client to develop an individualized plan of action. This is the most likely action to result in a behavior change because it involves actively involving the client in the process, taking into account their unique needs, preferences, and circumstances. By collaborating with the client, the nurse can tailor the smoking cessation plan to be more personalized and therefore more effective.
Choice A (contact the national telephone quitline) may be helpful but lacks individualization. Choice B (recommend nicotine replacement and behavioral interventions) is a good approach but may not address the client's specific needs. Choice D (implement a strategy validated by research) is important but may not be as effective if it does not consider the client's individual factors. Overall, choice C is the best option as it promotes client engagement and customization for a higher chance of successful behavior change.