Nokea
An awake, alert 4-year-old child has just arrived at the emergency department after an ingestion of aspirin at home. The practitioner has ordered activated charcoal. The nurse administers charcoal in which manner?
- A. Giving half of the solution and then repeating the other half in 1 hour
- B. Mixing with a flavorful beverage in an opaque container with a straw
- C. Serving it in a clear plastic cup so the child can see how much has been drunk
- D. Administering it through a nasogastric tube because the child will not drink it because of the taste
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although activated charcoal can be mixed with a flavorful sugar-free beverage, it will be black and resemble mud. When it is served in an opaque container, the child will not have any preconceived ideas about its being distasteful. The ability to see the charcoal solution may affect the childs desire to drink the solution. The child should be encouraged to drink the solution all at once. The nasogastric tube would be traumatic. It should be used only in children who cannot be cooperative or those without a gag reflex.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is an important nursing consideration when a child is hospitalized for chelation therapy to treat lead poisoning?
- A. Maintain bed rest.
- B. Maintain isolation precautions.
- C. Keep an accurate record of intake and output.
- D. Institute measures to prevent skeletal fracture.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The iron chelates are excreted though the kidneys. Adequate hydration is essential. Periodic measurement of renal function is done. Bed rest is not necessary. Often the chelation therapy is done on an outpatient basis. Chelation therapy is not infectious or dangerous. Isolation is not indicated. Skeletal weakness does not result from high levels of lead.
A child is admitted with a suspected diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). What is an important consideration in the care of this child?
- A. Monitoring the parents whenever they are with the child
- B. Reassuring the parents that the cause of the disorder will be found
- C. Teaching the parents how to obtain necessary specimens
- D. Supporting the parents as they cope with diagnosis of a chronic illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MSBP refers to an illness that one person fabricates or induces in another. The child must be continuously observed for development of symptoms to determine the cause. MSBP is caused by an individual harming the child for the purpose of gaining attention. Nursing staff should obtain all specimens for analyzing. This minimizes the possibility of the abuser contaminating the sample. The child must be supported through the diagnosis of MSBP. The abuser must be identified and the child protected from that individual.
What is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?
- A. Hyperpyrexia
- B. Hepatic involvement
- C. Severe burning pain in stomach
- D. Drooling and inability to clear secretions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatic involvement is the third stage of acetaminophen poisoning. Hyperpyrexia is a severe elevation in body temperature and is not related to acetaminophen poisoning. Acetaminophen does not cause burning pain in stomach and does not pose an airway threat.
A child with diazepam (Valium) poisoning has been admitted to the emergency department. What antidote does the nurse anticipate being prescribed?
- A. Succimer (Chemet)
- B. EDTA (Versenate)
- C. Flumazenil (Romazicon)
- D. Octreotide acetate (Sandostatin)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The antidote for diazepam (Valium) poisoning is flumazenil (Romazicon). Succimer (Chemet) and EDTA (Versenate) are antidotes for heavy metal poisoning. Octreotide acetate (Sandostatin) is an antidote for sulfonylurea poisoning.
What statement is correct about young children who report sexual abuse?
- A. They may exhibit various behavioral manifestations.
- B. In more than half the cases, the child has fabricated the story.
- C. Their stories should not be believed unless other evidence is apparent.
- D. They should be able to retell the story the same way to another person.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Victims of sexual abuse have no typical profile. The child may exhibit various behavioral manifestations, none of which is diagnostic for sexual abuse. When children report potentially sexually abusive experiences, their reports need to be taken seriously. Other children in the household also need to be evaluated. In one study, approximately 96% of children who were sexually abused had normal genital and anal findings. The ability to retell the story is partly dependent on the childs cognitive level. Children who repeatedly tell identical stories may have been coached.