Nokea
An elderly client is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. She has surgery followed by chemotherapy with a fluorouracil (Adrucil) IV. What should the nurse do if she notices crystals in the IV medication?
- A. Discard the solution and order a new bag
- B. Warm the solution
- C. Continue the infusion and document the finding
- D. Discontinue the medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crystals in IV fluorouracil indicate precipitation; the solution should be discarded to prevent administration errors.
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A client seen in the emergency department for influenza asks for an antibiotic prescription. Which of the following guidelines are important in helping the client decrease the risk of developing an antibiotic-resistant infection? Select all that apply.
- A. Stop taking antibiotics as soon as symptoms subside.
- B. Do not take antibiotics for viral infections, as they do no good.
- C. Do not take preventive antibiotics to avoid infection.
- D. Follow prescription directions when taking antibiotics.
- E. Take the same antibiotic for every infection.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Avoid antibiotics for viral infections (B), avoid prophylactic antibiotics (C), and follow prescription directions (D) reduce resistance. Stopping early (A) or reusing antibiotics (E) promotes resistance.
Two nurses are preparing to pull a client up in the bed. Which actions by the nurses are correct in regard to safe client handling? Select all that apply.
- A. place the bed in the lowest position possible
- B. ask the client to cross her arms over her chest if she is able
- C. use a patient lifting device, such as a Hoyer lift, if needed
- D. extend the elbows out away from the body while pulling client up
- E. place the head of the bed flat or slightly Trendelenburg if the client can tolerate it
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Asking the client to cross arms, using a lifting device if needed, and flattening the bed or using slight Trendelenburg promote safe handling. The bed should be at working height, and elbows should stay close to the body.
A client is admitted to the hospital with seizures. The client has jerking of the right arm and twitching of the face, but is alert and aware of the seizure. This behavior is characteristic of which type of seizure?
- A. Absence
- B. Complex partial
- C. Simple partial
- D. Tonic-clonic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Simple partial seizures involve focal symptoms (e.g., jerking of one arm, facial twitching) without loss of consciousness, unlike complex partial or tonic-clonic seizures. Absence seizures typically involve brief staring spells.
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected dehydration. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect?
- A. Bradycardia and hypertension.
- B. Dry mucous membranes and tented skin.
- C. Clear, dilute urine.
- D. Increased respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: dry mucous membranes and tented skin are signs of dehydration due to fluid loss
The nurse recognizes which of the following as a Category A biological agent that may be used in terroristic acts?
- A. typhoid
- B. smallpox
- C. malaria
- D. Ebola
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smallpox is a Category A bioterrorism agent due to its high mortality and transmissibility. Others are Category B or C.