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An elderly patient is admitted with an acute onset of diverticulitis, and intravenous antibiotic therapy is started. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Elevate the head of the bed.
- B. Initiate a bowel prep protocol for surgery.
- C. Educate the patient on increasing dietary fiber.
- D. Maintain the patient's NPO status.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining NPO status rests the bowel, promoting healing during acute diverticulitis.
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A client presents to the emergency department reporting chest pain that is radiating to the left arm, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. Which medication does the nurse anticipate being prescribed by the healthcare provider?
- A. Morphine.
- B. Oxycodone.
- C. Hydromorphone.
- D. Fentanyl.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine is typically prescribed for myocardial infarction symptoms to relieve pain and reduce cardiac workload.
Following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a patient is discharged from the hospital with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan?
- A. Eliminate all spicy foods from your diet
- B. Drink 3 liters of water each day
- C. Clamp the catheter when taking a shower
- D. Avoid driving a car for 2 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drinking 3 liters of water daily flushes the bladder, reducing infection risk post-TURP.
A client receives a prescription for 1 liter of lactated Ringer's intravenously (IV) to be infused over 8 hours. The IV administration set delivers 15 gtt/mL. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver?
- A. 100 mL/hr
- B. 125 mL/hr
- C. 150 mL/hr
- D. 175 mL/hr
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dividing 1000 mL by 8 hours yields 125 mL/hr, the correct infusion rate.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an arteriovenous (AV) graft in the right forearm for hemodialysis access. The nurse auscultates a bruit over the graft area. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Document the findings.
- B. Elevate the extremity.
- C. Apply gentle pressure.
- D. Assess the client's temperature.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A bruit indicates a patent AV graft, a normal finding that should be documented.
The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a patient whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient for?
- A. Computerized tomography (CT) of the chest.
- B. Arterial blood gases (ABG).
- C. Sputum culture and sensitivity.
- D. Blood cultures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sputum culture and sensitivity test identifies the causative organism of pneumonia, guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy.