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An emergency room nurse is staging victims of a multi-casually event. Which client should receive care first?
- A. A 30-year-old distraught mother holding her crying child
- B. A 30-year-old miraculously male with a head laceration
- C. A 26-year-old male who has pale, cool, clammy skin
- D. A 26-year-old with a simple fracture of the lower leg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client with pale, cool, clammy skin is likely in shock, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.
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Emergency medical technicians arrive at the emergency department with an unresponsive client who has an oxygen mask in place. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Assess that the client is breathing adequately.
- B. Insert a large-bore intravenous line.
- C. Place the client rate in a cardiac monitor.
- D. Assess for the best neurologic response.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ensuring adequate breathing is the highest priority in the primary survey, as it directly impacts survival.
A nurse in evaluating levels and functions of trauma centers. Which function is appropriately paired with the level of the trauma center?
- A. Level I Located within remote areas and provides advanced life support within resource capabilities
- B. Level II Located within remote areas and provides advanced life support within resource capabilities
- C. Level III Located in rural communities and provides only basic care to clients
- D. Level IV Located in large trauma hospitals and provides a full continuum of trauma care for all clients
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level II trauma centers provide advanced life support and transfer clients to Level I centers when needed, unlike Level I, which are in large hospitals, or Level IV, which provide basic care in rural areas.
A nurse is triaging clients in the emergency department. Which client should be considered urgent?
- A. A 20-year-old female with a chest stab wound and tachycardia
- B. A 20-year-old female with a chest stab wound and tachycardia
- C. A 70-year-old female with a cough and a temperature of 102 F
- D. A 50-year-old male with chest pain, confusion, and slurred speech.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A cough and fever of 102 F indicate a risk of deterioration, making this client urgent, though clients with stab wounds or neurological symptoms are emergent.
An emergency department (ED) case manager is consulted for a client who is homeless. Which intervention should the case manager provide?
- A. Communicate client needs and restrictions to support staff.
- B. Prescribe low-cost antibiotics to treat community-acquired infection.
- C. Provide referrals to subsidized community-based health clinics.
- D. Offer counseling for substance abuse and mental health disorders.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing referrals to subsidized clinics addresses the client's ongoing healthcare needs, which is within the case manager's role.
A nurse is caring for clients in a busy emergency department. Which actions should the nurse take to ensure client and staff safety? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Leave the stretcher in the lowest position with rails down so that the client can access the bathroom.
- B. Use two identifiers before each intervention and before medication administration.
- C. Attempt de-escalation strategies for clients who demonstrate aggressive behaviors.
- D. Place clients with infectious diseases in isolation rooms.
- E. Ensure all sharps are disposed of in puncture-resistant containers.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Leaving the stretcher with rails down poses a fall risk, so it is incorrect. Using two identifiers ensures correct patient identification, de-escalation promotes safety with aggressive clients, isolation prevents disease spread, and proper sharps disposal reduces injury risk.