Nokea
An infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease is scheduled to receive a temporary colostomy. When initially discussing the diagnosis and treatment with the parents, which of the following would be most appropriate?
- A. Assessing the adequacy of their coping skills.
- B. Reassuring them that their child will be fine.
- C. Encouraging them to ask questions.
- D. Giving them printed material on the procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging questions promotes understanding and engagement with the treatment plan.
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The parents of an infant with myelomeningocele ask the nurse about their child's future mental ability. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. About one-third are mentally retarded, but it's too early to tell about your child.'
- B. About two-thirds are significantly retarded, and you'll know soon if this will occur.'
- C. Your child will probably be of normal intelligence since he demonstrates signs of it now.'
- D. You'll need to talk with the doctor about that, but you can ask later.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Referring parents to the physician for detailed prognostic discussions ensures accurate information and avoids premature or speculative statements about mental ability.
An adolescent female is prescribed amoxicillin for an ear infection. The nurse should teach the adolescent about the risks associated with her concurrent use of:
- A. Antacids.
- B. Oral contraceptives.
- C. Multiple vitamins.
- D. Protein shakes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amoxicillin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. The nurse should educate the adolescent about this interaction and suggest additional contraceptive measures during antibiotic therapy.
The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide (Lasix) to a 3-year-old with a heart defect. The nurse verifies the child's identity by checking the arm band and:
- A. Asking the child to state her name.
- B. Checking the room number.
- C. Asking the child to tell her birth date.
- D. Asking the parent the child's name.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asking the parent is appropriate for a 3-year-old, who may not reliably state their name or birth date. Room numbers are not reliable identifiers.
When teaching an adolescent with facial acne about skin care, the nurse should instruct the adolescent.
- A. Wash the face twice a day with mild soap and water.
- B. Remove whiteheads and comedones after washing his face with antibacterial soap.
- C. Apply vitamin E ointment twice daily to the affected skin.
- D. Apply tretinoin (Retin-A) daily in the morning and expose the face to the sun.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Washing the face twice daily with mild soap and water helps remove excess oil and debris without irritating the skin. Removing whiteheads can cause scarring, vitamin E is not evidence-based for acne, and tretinoin should be applied at night due to photosensitivity.
An 8-month-old infant is seen in the well-child clinic for a routine checkup. The nurse should expect the infant to be able to do which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Say 'mama' and 'dada' with specific meaning.
- B. Feed self with a spoon.
- C. Play peek-a-boo.
- D. Walk independently.
- E. Stack two blocks.
- F. Transfer object from hand to hand.
Correct Answer: C,F
Rationale: Playing peek-a-boo and transferring objects are typical 8-month milestones; others occur later.